tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-11565406167624002092024-03-19T05:26:29.226-07:00Macedonia DocumentsUnknownnoreply@blogger.comBlogger340125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1156540616762400209.post-41376260709494857302015-08-13T07:14:00.000-07:002015-08-13T18:58:44.374-07:00Philip of Macedonia - MD Banner<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif; font-size: small;">Philip II of Macedonia - banner</span><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhBlvIVUKKOboVxbdvgjLP5QygwtbtOVCBkAHqKH4OY9XqmG3a-CtC7_GZ_xIa8AHpAg-5YUAQOD125z1s3AiEhYCNgEJb1h9EKFbZSe3QGUAXFmXR6zGUI4gRSXDgm5kjqip-EhTgQBic/s1600/MKDphilip.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: em; margin-right: em;"><img border="0" height="341" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhBlvIVUKKOboVxbdvgjLP5QygwtbtOVCBkAHqKH4OY9XqmG3a-CtC7_GZ_xIa8AHpAg-5YUAQOD125z1s3AiEhYCNgEJb1h9EKFbZSe3QGUAXFmXR6zGUI4gRSXDgm5kjqip-EhTgQBic/s400/MKDphilip.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1156540616762400209.post-22009589502395265112014-06-12T20:17:00.000-07:002014-06-12T20:17:53.503-07:00Ancient Macedonian as a Greek dialect<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">"Ancient Macedonian as Greek dialect: A critical survey on recent work" by Julián Méndez Dosuna - 2012.</span></span><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhyLcVxsknOL51kGEvkAAsGmK2HK6NNdsQdpNAkCmAHH5wS14BtlM36wsOT-PXLdlPOteWi40_Iy06KVev3Q4xveffHuP4kP_adHMSyeg3_X21NiQXyDyrrYukk2iXYY0lN6Mt-aKOVoc0/s1600/Untitled.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: em; margin-right: em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhyLcVxsknOL51kGEvkAAsGmK2HK6NNdsQdpNAkCmAHH5wS14BtlM36wsOT-PXLdlPOteWi40_Iy06KVev3Q4xveffHuP4kP_adHMSyeg3_X21NiQXyDyrrYukk2iXYY0lN6Mt-aKOVoc0/s1600/Untitled.jpg" height="320" width="200" /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgyY2rc5HTAP_txva6UrFo6PwN9Am1VdJk0zrR8WAyQO-7S77hOdYjsAYPC1QptMsDQI4nU2_Jj007f-33-PeAEWBvInpUVb3IQcq0vsWRIFB4Zfq5PPr1pAyoTMvWherjQ1ie0RLOF6nk/s1600/210RpZc.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: em; margin-right: em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgyY2rc5HTAP_txva6UrFo6PwN9Am1VdJk0zrR8WAyQO-7S77hOdYjsAYPC1QptMsDQI4nU2_Jj007f-33-PeAEWBvInpUVb3IQcq0vsWRIFB4Zfq5PPr1pAyoTMvWherjQ1ie0RLOF6nk/s1600/210RpZc.jpg" height="320" width="200" /></a></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgzv64yUZaW0QMfSXtoKOn2Zjcp0kjecTvxnch27g2x_Rb0-ryD0Rqajhd-VzsuBSdWtO91bMtcAg0BnTAX-EAdo7D7qFJEw8VDz1BDmmakohA8HKZH_01Rdv2M8jw7dbY8lOMMyqvC6Bo/s1600/CzkMJgm.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: em; margin-right: em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgzv64yUZaW0QMfSXtoKOn2Zjcp0kjecTvxnch27g2x_Rb0-ryD0Rqajhd-VzsuBSdWtO91bMtcAg0BnTAX-EAdo7D7qFJEw8VDz1BDmmakohA8HKZH_01Rdv2M8jw7dbY8lOMMyqvC6Bo/s1600/CzkMJgm.jpg" height="320" width="200" /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgvyzB31LGEgdWmvk3EaV03wUnBMgzVzxcp2ZoeHtP19Att4YGNkA_rwc6Wpt7Jsz4aGUBKneA7_Jx5JaKWXbN0GKvGHYJYan8RsPQWLa1rY3rg1KadtQP0LbkyYCtUzCMClC8J079yIxg/s1600/CuzGDhn.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: em; margin-right: em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgvyzB31LGEgdWmvk3EaV03wUnBMgzVzxcp2ZoeHtP19Att4YGNkA_rwc6Wpt7Jsz4aGUBKneA7_Jx5JaKWXbN0GKvGHYJYan8RsPQWLa1rY3rg1KadtQP0LbkyYCtUzCMClC8J079yIxg/s1600/CuzGDhn.jpg" height="320" width="200" /></a></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhTWch-ru_6eqhWLRr3Hni20-7NB7CRe1mhXekJY-4-LDuBiNE55BhEY2SBvnAhIp8_e7CZl7gnRq3OzpOx7z9HeXvjpTsrZDSUufglTiNuHGqHDScw2_mSMACj0KcZvKSUma6LKpR-hLA/s1600/l8wOotj.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: em; margin-right: em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhTWch-ru_6eqhWLRr3Hni20-7NB7CRe1mhXekJY-4-LDuBiNE55BhEY2SBvnAhIp8_e7CZl7gnRq3OzpOx7z9HeXvjpTsrZDSUufglTiNuHGqHDScw2_mSMACj0KcZvKSUma6LKpR-hLA/s1600/l8wOotj.jpg" height="320" width="200" /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj24VYSeTIzJf7eSAgYCvkOmuu1xUhtlYoSZu3NsaoANPyOOwkPzCXDhhnviyeWF0obGmW6-Bvfka-rOj9QfU_sKBb3ox3PhLk0o8MTxO1IligW17ec9d0EvXNoicnGoOiMg76PAsA7kSk/s1600/pg137jmendezlinguistics.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: em; margin-right: em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj24VYSeTIzJf7eSAgYCvkOmuu1xUhtlYoSZu3NsaoANPyOOwkPzCXDhhnviyeWF0obGmW6-Bvfka-rOj9QfU_sKBb3ox3PhLk0o8MTxO1IligW17ec9d0EvXNoicnGoOiMg76PAsA7kSk/s1600/pg137jmendezlinguistics.jpg" height="320" width="200" /></a></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh-UeM0Mzp1IU8Eqaeu5Armg0GXFvitMMLXrjry9mgk6C0-VSSsXkIXTYlcEEr4nrH0rXsDJL3mYKd_ZEGYj4npAOGbCkiiQ5op6Y9RVDg5lRJb_HS0Iq73vIoXA2jg7Gqfok1z9ih0v4U/s1600/RcUr7Hx.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: em; margin-right: em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh-UeM0Mzp1IU8Eqaeu5Armg0GXFvitMMLXrjry9mgk6C0-VSSsXkIXTYlcEEr4nrH0rXsDJL3mYKd_ZEGYj4npAOGbCkiiQ5op6Y9RVDg5lRJb_HS0Iq73vIoXA2jg7Gqfok1z9ih0v4U/s1600/RcUr7Hx.jpg" height="320" width="200" /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgQIGvrx-UWSckoP4otwyik3vG8fbnYJ0H9cWmfPmZHJ5nwOFwosTW1VGp32wN7DnuHdvUw8ro7S6JUllg5S1Ie6AhAlZlfr6fsf74mOm_RJVLcv9KaQd_wfMLmxTXE_2UriFlrtv0fPmk/s1600/EcOm46q.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: em; margin-right: em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgQIGvrx-UWSckoP4otwyik3vG8fbnYJ0H9cWmfPmZHJ5nwOFwosTW1VGp32wN7DnuHdvUw8ro7S6JUllg5S1Ie6AhAlZlfr6fsf74mOm_RJVLcv9KaQd_wfMLmxTXE_2UriFlrtv0fPmk/s1600/EcOm46q.jpg" height="320" width="200" /></a></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi-iTU4nXdsczwts2kgg6TteK0czS5IoxmJhL-adhqFxOgk7UIWoNM4KV_p6HMSQIKMdq1Y6k-hPrtSg_EWAIrEuU6lkiVyFUgTK-ccaSSmwzSIuQtLoyQk5E55_jkmQwek3RxgNUiC4_I/s1600/guoq5UR.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: em; margin-right: em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi-iTU4nXdsczwts2kgg6TteK0czS5IoxmJhL-adhqFxOgk7UIWoNM4KV_p6HMSQIKMdq1Y6k-hPrtSg_EWAIrEuU6lkiVyFUgTK-ccaSSmwzSIuQtLoyQk5E55_jkmQwek3RxgNUiC4_I/s1600/guoq5UR.jpg" height="320" width="200" /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi2lW8xmT4Sx_xCEnP5SHS818AmDQEmptp5-_EZTJLBYEN6RAocfWEZIafQOclxpilus3vMqCs7rntV_jWIiMnUiUFxMopaV5-S877rL9v4FFfWtqBTi2r4rM9Oll4s2103hpgTfq9KUqo/s1600/P7t0Ayh.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: em; margin-right: em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi2lW8xmT4Sx_xCEnP5SHS818AmDQEmptp5-_EZTJLBYEN6RAocfWEZIafQOclxpilus3vMqCs7rntV_jWIiMnUiUFxMopaV5-S877rL9v4FFfWtqBTi2r4rM9Oll4s2103hpgTfq9KUqo/s1600/P7t0Ayh.jpg" height="320" width="200" /></a></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgCOdlVQ5SqN7xmzFSPterZRngHj19iW7LJT8JBOR-nzRyg79mAVSJUMncDT_kEVby4mReRLxx-SK8Dx-dOslPjwXpU_gOrpJnuG7v5ny_z1vyq3PVSDgHHOYVMBLiI603o2-wvh4IVEvw/s1600/FwRIpjW.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: em; margin-right: em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgCOdlVQ5SqN7xmzFSPterZRngHj19iW7LJT8JBOR-nzRyg79mAVSJUMncDT_kEVby4mReRLxx-SK8Dx-dOslPjwXpU_gOrpJnuG7v5ny_z1vyq3PVSDgHHOYVMBLiI603o2-wvh4IVEvw/s1600/FwRIpjW.jpg" height="320" width="200" /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh1EQ20gbHiMTvMY2-8LLayQZKSuBKMCwgR2yujHfO0yWokTxIn8xVhr5CUHWnBtiQTeIxVY8ZvT8Volg2VddllgHPt22zbl0vpiZuJoJ3L2Z-8Fj0GI5g9B8G-G4Ad1Ll6Qc9OOjyYsEQ/s1600/Lu14WmS.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: em; margin-right: em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh1EQ20gbHiMTvMY2-8LLayQZKSuBKMCwgR2yujHfO0yWokTxIn8xVhr5CUHWnBtiQTeIxVY8ZvT8Volg2VddllgHPt22zbl0vpiZuJoJ3L2Z-8Fj0GI5g9B8G-G4Ad1Ll6Qc9OOjyYsEQ/s1600/Lu14WmS.jpg" height="320" width="200" /></a></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjfkNUVy1nzfLCz_FVMrAGKUxp3x_Z8g2MKsepuFQsZ2BIxuAK7b1c6BZNoSSXZ2mUZl6z7sTtPNDD13xR-aw51kTttz3uuTrNNttyZNWWPWwVKUINrIxzrDjDdestoPz_zzF3Tj7pfzik/s1600/Sc7rlbE.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: em; margin-right: em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjfkNUVy1nzfLCz_FVMrAGKUxp3x_Z8g2MKsepuFQsZ2BIxuAK7b1c6BZNoSSXZ2mUZl6z7sTtPNDD13xR-aw51kTttz3uuTrNNttyZNWWPWwVKUINrIxzrDjDdestoPz_zzF3Tj7pfzik/s1600/Sc7rlbE.jpg" height="320" width="200" /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhBSHlXBMIwXenzTcIszhyphenhyphen4Li48f9jhijhTUG06lkc2DxXTLl_BSQLUMMkJAXx1jkDy_r-Z6vjIMwqb05e6XWm0q8NCp4olDq0oOIt1aHIUBCoC7JzO1NmY0AxV8cCkzdBmig-rQDJCqWU/s1600/LX0rfhI.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: em; margin-right: em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhBSHlXBMIwXenzTcIszhyphenhyphen4Li48f9jhijhTUG06lkc2DxXTLl_BSQLUMMkJAXx1jkDy_r-Z6vjIMwqb05e6XWm0q8NCp4olDq0oOIt1aHIUBCoC7JzO1NmY0AxV8cCkzdBmig-rQDJCqWU/s1600/LX0rfhI.jpg" height="320" width="200" /></a></div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">[Julián Méndez Dosuna, Ancient Macedonian as a Greek dialect: A critical survey on recent work, First edition, Ancient Macedonia: Language, History, Culture. Edited by Georgios K. Giannakis (2012), pp. 133-145]</span></span>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1156540616762400209.post-81556986744241892352014-01-01T20:58:00.001-08:002014-01-01T20:58:51.960-08:00Derveni Krater - Lete (Mygdonia)<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjpjyDzTs8dCbi7tDO1WKXxLN_YYMiMffaKaHfRlorWpT5MnGvdwk0CKWTtGurEbwYJw8WCU3fXljpPFY8MVUdGOo-L7_lYADiBw1J0iILjpjqgYvZ26dq1kV1aMl4KGWBIKYoL5vIWTTo/s1600/8esA1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="260" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjpjyDzTs8dCbi7tDO1WKXxLN_YYMiMffaKaHfRlorWpT5MnGvdwk0CKWTtGurEbwYJw8WCU3fXljpPFY8MVUdGOo-L7_lYADiBw1J0iILjpjqgYvZ26dq1kV1aMl4KGWBIKYoL5vIWTTo/s320/8esA1.jpg" width="190" /></a></div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">The Derveni krater is a volute bronze krater, most elaborate metal vessel of the ancient world yet known. Kraters were used for mixing undiluted wine with water, the drink then being ladled out to fellow banqueters at ritual or festive celebrations. Inside, krater from Derveni, contains burnt bones that belonged to a man aged 35-40 and to a younger woman. The man was Thessalian aristocrat Astiouneios from Larissa (quite possibly Alexander's veteran) and the younger woman, probably was his wife. The krater is spectacular, decorated with Hellenic mythological figures and animals. The top part of the krater is decorated with ornamental motifs. On the krater are depicted: Dionysus (God of Wine), Ariadne (Mistress of Labyrinth), Silenus (tutor of Dionysus), thiasos (band of worshipers), five estatic maenads (female worshipers of Dionysus) and armed hunter wearing one sandal, whose identity is disputed (Pentheus of Thebes, Lycurgus of Thrace or Jason the Argonaut). On the handles are depicted masks of Achelous, Heracles, Dionysus and Hades. Animal details on the krater are lions, panthers, griffins, fawn, ram, and deers. </span></span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg0k23qjcTF2_qvDtQxBxtNJlk1RlhJoGYlBM0kpkEIpPAjsnLgZKW-zLu8jR2ybJGvVB9lRlaaaK9Tk9GwPV9-lrqOSYunOFV0a9D2xUnYOxupLKXk3s4QcQY3rpwjWQa_dqH8It9doFA/s1600/img-1-small580.jpg">Side A</a>, <a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi-X5YvhgZZU5TIGegsF3BU6DzGzOTzxwm_2JSu2ta5BXwmtbYJ8RtcuxudCoKT7li5vXlbeA2mCtKtPd7-P-oHgFlLvwMzqQHWpdvQbDl7etb4K4hbmidWe9ADDsttkS0hK8l8wZmUoyk/s1600/img-2-small580.jpg">Side B</a></span></span>.<br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">The funerary inscription on the lip of the krater reads:</span></span><br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Ἀστιούνειος Ἀναξαγοραίοι ἐς Λαρίσας</span></blockquote>
</div>
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Makedonia (Mygdonia) — Lete: Derveni — ca. 350-300 BC — AD 18 B2 (1963) 195 — SEG 24:571
</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">English translation - "Astiouneios, son of Anaxagoras, from Larisa"</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">The inscription is written in the Thessalian dialect used in Larissa, Pherai, Krannon, Atrax, and elsewhere in that region of northern Greece.</span>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1156540616762400209.post-83805687583405318292013-10-19T16:45:00.001-07:002013-10-19T16:45:51.930-07:00The Events of 1903 in Macedonia 5<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">The Events of 1903 in Macedonia; as Presented in European Diplomatic Correspondence (5)</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Introduced by Basil C. Gounaris</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Edited and Annotated by Angelos A. Chotzidis, Basil C. Gounaris, Anna A. Panayotopoulou</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">IMMA (Thessaloniki), 1993</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span>
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">21. The reaction of the Patriarchists. The commitees apply economic pressure on the Moslems.</span></span></b><br />
<b><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"> </span></span></b>
</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjYvzZP42n-5y7qujBSLrt4ytX2o425mcQB3Ok_FUdiHYkQV_eIZ0hPUHqj2gpq5JKR9DoTNg7JS4nc-bSstwrYSPx_W0tYvZOZ9CCRPHbpaqCJ-EQjFcS5AuwCJF5kz4YkFpBxq9zMaIo/s1600/Diplomacy021.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: em; margin-right: em;"><img border="0" height="362" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjYvzZP42n-5y7qujBSLrt4ytX2o425mcQB3Ok_FUdiHYkQV_eIZ0hPUHqj2gpq5JKR9DoTNg7JS4nc-bSstwrYSPx_W0tYvZOZ9CCRPHbpaqCJ-EQjFcS5AuwCJF5kz4YkFpBxq9zMaIo/s400/Diplomacy021.png" width="400" /></a></div>
<br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Thessaloniki, April 25th, 1903</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">[HHStA PA XXXVIII/Konsulat Thessaloniki 1903, vol.407, No.28].</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">...Ein gewisser Stoiko aus dem Dorfe Kukles hat am 21 l.M. seinen Landsmann Pehlivan Vassili aus dem Grunde ermordet, weil letzterer angeblich vor einiger Zeit der tuerkischen Behoerde Spuren von Banden angezeigt haette. Wahrscheinlich aus dem gleichen Grunde hat Stoiko unmittelbar darauf im Dorfe Ormanlue einen Tuerken, Namens Redschel getoetet; dieses Mal aber musste er die Unthat mit seinem eigenen Leben bezahlen, er wurde von den Tuerken dieses Dorfes ermordet. Stoiko war seinerzeit als eines der fanatischesten Organe des bulgarischen Bischofes von Strumnica, Gerasinos, bekannt, vor zwei Jahren zu lebenslaenglicher Festungshaft verurtheilt und in Folge der juengsten Amnestie freigelassen worden, worauf er sofort die fruehere agitatorische Thaetigkeit aufgenommen hatte.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">...Jedenfalls dauert die Thaetigkeit der Comite's auch bezueglich der forcirten Waffen-Ankaeufe, selbst in patriarchistischen Doerfern an und ebenso die Ranconnirung um Summen von 20-100 Ltq. und mehr an Bemittelten aller Confessionen, selbst Muselmaennern, welche sich aus Furcht thatsaechlich insgeheim zu executiren pflegen, weil sie ihr Leben im gegentheiligen Falle nach zahlreichen Vorfaellen fuer verwirkt erachten...</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Hickel</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span>
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">22. The committees perpetrate Foreign Ministry on atrocities against Patriarchists. Deliyannis’ memorandum.</span></span></b></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhf2s82dpRbBXkTGUjJtIdQP6WeNLlktXBdRzg40K4zS4XcXxH4wpeoOvb9WdsbjmEs09R8APMJkBLy5YjyzdF4s7oPiRSk8yFxkS15tsMI8glY3u45qPp8nXN_6vkBbmSTnBAtkb018mE/s1600/Diplomacy022.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: em; margin-right: em;"><img border="0" height="281" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhf2s82dpRbBXkTGUjJtIdQP6WeNLlktXBdRzg40K4zS4XcXxH4wpeoOvb9WdsbjmEs09R8APMJkBLy5YjyzdF4s7oPiRSk8yFxkS15tsMI8glY3u45qPp8nXN_6vkBbmSTnBAtkb018mE/s400/Diplomacy022.png" width="400" /></a></div>
<br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Paris, April 14/26th, 1903</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">[AMAE/NS Turquie-Macedoine, vol.33, f.70r, On the note submitted by Mr.Delyanni on April 28th 1903 on order of the Greek government].</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Le Consul General de Grece a Salonique telegraphie a son gouvernement qu' une famille grecque Saramento, composee de quatre membres, dont deux femmes, a ete assassinee la veille... Saint... au village Babiani, par la bande Bulgare Jovani, qui, ensuite, obligea le seul survivant de la famille a apporter au Caimacam une lettre annoncant etre l'auteur des quatre meurtres.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Cette nouvelle venant apres celles que le Gouvernement hellenique a eues dernierement de Serres, Castoria, et Florina sur la situation devenue de jour en jour plus grave par suite des meurtres commis contre les Grecs a produit sur le Gouvernement hellenique la plus penible impression...</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span>
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">23. Participation of the Bulgarian army in the preparations for the uprising.</span></span></b></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgf3bkCkwrHjf5ds6Pdf4vwn7w1vh46Egze51oqISh5_dcp8ioaV45e7FViV1qGreFqjHMZhfgLEFXZUIssvUztnQRAsYfPS65U-AH-dEW82RtkfTlJiG1sB6xZuKfiolARbrAiDKRsQ2U/s1600/Diplomacy023.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: em; margin-right: em;"><img border="0" height="197" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgf3bkCkwrHjf5ds6Pdf4vwn7w1vh46Egze51oqISh5_dcp8ioaV45e7FViV1qGreFqjHMZhfgLEFXZUIssvUztnQRAsYfPS65U-AH-dEW82RtkfTlJiG1sB6xZuKfiolARbrAiDKRsQ2U/s400/Diplomacy023.png" width="400" /></a></div>
<br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Thessaloniki, April 30th, 1903</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">[F.O.195/2156, f.420r].</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">[Band?] of 500 partly in Bulgarian uniform crossed the frontier yesterday surrounded a party of 30 soldiers near Radovishta -detachments from Radovishta and Stroumnitza came up and fighting lasting all day- two lieutenants seven [men?] thirty Bulgars killed the rest being hotly pursued. Perfect [tranquillity?] at Salonica.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Biliottis</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span>
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">24. Bulgaria’s attitude to the expected uprising.</span></span></b></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhT7VghkEAEfdeX9ZWhHLaZnlYbQKj8-_CuKdAhAXitq8aOMU0cZYBZVXZkxMVvpFm_Jnz3zIIW5AI9vWSMDOpzMxCwuly4jBxza1kut8osTnz_cN67fcRXgH5omCOUfvKypLaD3jmvFo8/s1600/Diplomacy024.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: em; margin-right: em;"><img border="0" height="630" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhT7VghkEAEfdeX9ZWhHLaZnlYbQKj8-_CuKdAhAXitq8aOMU0cZYBZVXZkxMVvpFm_Jnz3zIIW5AI9vWSMDOpzMxCwuly4jBxza1kut8osTnz_cN67fcRXgH5omCOUfvKypLaD3jmvFo8/s1280/Diplomacy024.png" width="400" /></a></div>
<br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Philippopolis, May 6th, 1903</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">[AMAE/NS Turquie-Macedoine, vol.33, f.147r].</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Les journaux de la Principaute relatant les attentats commis a Salonique par les agitateurs macedoniens sont lus ici parmi les Bulgares avec un interet voisin de l'enthousiasme et j' ai pu constater qu' aucun sentiment de pitie n' a ete manifeste a l'egard des victimes innocentes qui ont succombe dans cette circonstance, il n' y a pas eu de surprise, personne n' ignorait les intentions des comites et leur programme de represailles; au meeting signale dans la depeche que j' avais l'honneur d'adresser a Votre Excellence le 22 Fevrier dernier, un de leurs representants n' avait-il pas dit" rendons nous memes la vie impossible aux etrangers" cette menace ne devait que trop tot se realiser. Les partisans de la cause macedonienne et le nombre en est grand maintenant tant l'idee a fait des progres, se preoccupent peu des lamentables resultats de l'acte commis a Salonique car ils esperent qu' il aura pour effet d'obliger les Puissances a intervenir directement au lieu de recommander des reformes dont ils persistent a proclamer l'inefficacite.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">L'abandon si brusque de leur cause par la Russie a provoque une irritation qui n' est pas calmee et dont on semble dans les comites decide a donner la preuve en dirigeant un attentat contre son ambassade a Contantinople.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Quant aux officiers jusqu' a ce jour renfermes dans une silencieuse reserve, ils dissimulent a peine leur mecontentement; ce que la Bulgarie devait de reconnaissance a la Russie pour le sang verse est largement, disent-ils, aujourd' hui compense par les consequences nefastes de sa diplomatie; ils reprochent au cabinet d'avoir suivi les avis de St Petersbourg, d'avoir neglige les preparatifs militaires que necessitaient les circonstances et d'avoir enfin laisse au Gouvernement Turc le temps de concentrer en Macedoine et sur leurs frontieres des forces dont l'importance devient inquietante.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Les consequences de ce mecontentement n' ont pas tarde a se manifester: la surveillance est moins stricte et de nombreux partisans me dit-on s'acheminent vers la Macedoine par le Rhodope. Recemment parait-il le chef d'une bande operant en Macedoine est venu dans un village voisin de Peroustiza avec quelques uns de ses hommes pour demander des vetements. Él a en outre recu 400 francs quelques fusils et des munitions, puis a de nouveau passe en Turquie; on m' a assure que le Comite de Philippopoli etait parvenu a recueillir une nouvelle somme de onze mille francs.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Deux wagons de munitions sont partis de Tatar-Bazardjik pour Sofia, ils seraient destines a Kustendil; ici 18 chariots de munitions ont ete transportes dans un magasin militaire situe pres de la station...</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Degrand</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span>
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">25. Atrocities by the committees in E. Macedonia.</span></span></b></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgJXEVFo1I9bYumvXQ5Ax0HuZyNEhyphenhyphenS0-M5lEmXn8ajiYua31tDujBvtTtbkEQOI410o4IPm48G9X-BxtDMT5WbC2rkeTCFyeU8nr92czzMN4Ts6SoES-bsGpH4-96q5AvWcNy5A4S9yCI/s1600/Diplomacy025a.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: em; margin-right: em;"><img border="0" height="520" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgJXEVFo1I9bYumvXQ5Ax0HuZyNEhyphenhyphenS0-M5lEmXn8ajiYua31tDujBvtTtbkEQOI410o4IPm48G9X-BxtDMT5WbC2rkeTCFyeU8nr92czzMN4Ts6SoES-bsGpH4-96q5AvWcNy5A4S9yCI/s800/Diplomacy025a.png" width="400" /></a></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjo7H1NEFRnYMykzMW7c9XOhl8zO8VdB9u-gE0Kqw7rlGV2PsAUssA2OgnMm6z_vleG6KZVOVALOj7aRZRmW_zlGJ_e3Ilrzj5vNb3jqF_Qf7Q_7WQZp84aA430nAFGvBLBSJDTOcufToU/s1600/Diplomacy025b.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: em; margin-right: em;"><img border="0" height="207" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjo7H1NEFRnYMykzMW7c9XOhl8zO8VdB9u-gE0Kqw7rlGV2PsAUssA2OgnMm6z_vleG6KZVOVALOj7aRZRmW_zlGJ_e3Ilrzj5vNb3jqF_Qf7Q_7WQZp84aA430nAFGvBLBSJDTOcufToU/s400/Diplomacy025b.png" width="400" /></a></div>
<br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Thessaloniki, May 12th, 1903</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">[F.O.195/2156, ff.563r-564v, No.147].</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Sir,</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Mr. Acting Vice Consul Theodorides reports as follows: May 5. The Greek Community of Serres have petitioned the Government to close the Bulgarian school in that town, because the absence of Bulgarian families makes the existence of a Bulgarian school unnecessary, and because recent events at Salonica prove the complicity of the masters and pupils in the Bulgarian disturbances. The latter have been concentrated by the Serres Authorities in one or two houses in order that they may be closely watched.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">On May 4th a Bulgarian school-master of Banitza was arrested near Serres in possession of several Mannlicher cartridges. He was imprisoned and made certain statements which led to the blockading of Banitza and the subsequent conflict (reference to my telegram No. 31 of the 5th instant). The women and children were withdrawn from the village of which a greater part was burned. The band consisted of twenty Bulgarians proper and thirty natives, and was annihilated with the exception of Gheorghi of Vrondou. Among them were the chiefs Deltzeff, (the man who planned Miss Stone's capture) whom the Missionaries describe as the most capable and most honest of the Komitajis, Dimitrioff and Kostanoff.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">On the 7th there was an encounter at Goleshiovo (Demir Hissar). The Vali informs me that, while a flying patrol was watching the village, they were taken in the rear by a band of some twenty Bulgarians who were allowed to come up owing to their being dressed in Turkish military uniform. Another detachment, however, coming up, they were put to flight with slight loss on each side.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">As a result of the Banitza fight, the village of Vrondou was subjected to a thorough search and about forty of the inhabitants were arrested. The villagers gave up to the authorities all the arms, ammunition, bombs, moneys, subscription lists which they had from the Committee and, declaring that they had been duped by it, begged to be taken back into the Patriarchist fold.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">If this is true and if there is a retrograde movement on the part of villagers in the interior, it is one that should be encouraged by all possible means. For Exarchist means Komitaji, and no greater blow could be struck at the revolutionary organization than for the Exarchist Bulgarians to go back to their original sect.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">One means of giving this movement a very strong forward impulse would be the settlement of the disputed churches question. In several parts of the interior, to mention only Vissotchan (reference to my Report No. 200 of Nov. 20th) and, I believe Koumanova, Greek churches were taken, more or less without fair reason, from the Orthodox and given to the Exarchists; in others the churches were closed, pending an understanding, and have remained closed; and in others again the Orthodox and Exarchists worship alternately.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">If these churches which have been, in part or wholly, taken from the Orthodox for no adequate reason, or which have remained closed, were formally handed back to the Patriarchists, there would in my opinion be a strong reaction, especially among those who have been compelled under threat of death to change their religious appellation, given that an anti-Exarchist movement has really sprung into existence among the peasantry of Macedonia.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Biliottis</span></span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">To be continued... </span></span>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1156540616762400209.post-42383477297438353512013-10-18T19:04:00.000-07:002013-10-18T19:04:03.650-07:00Statue of Alexander the Great - Perga<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjO3AgT0XnmHgxJUp9hxyRZvrieNu1ESYVQKbb7g_kkL6sGAS-bZdr_OunErFlSQsloG0u2wZFf91MFFvQUfVBB4KtVNyQHbP2SgNBW2o6tsm40CKDSrzCBP92JUL-YPAji-e85Id1QSWU/s1600/StatueAlexanderofPergeAntalya.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjO3AgT0XnmHgxJUp9hxyRZvrieNu1ESYVQKbb7g_kkL6sGAS-bZdr_OunErFlSQsloG0u2wZFf91MFFvQUfVBB4KtVNyQHbP2SgNBW2o6tsm40CKDSrzCBP92JUL-YPAji-e85Id1QSWU/s320/StatueAlexanderofPergeAntalya.jpg" width="155" /></a></div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Statue of Alexander III of Macedon, found in ancient city of Perga, present-day Turkey. Roman copy, 2nd century AD. Antalya Archaeological Museum.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><span class="short_text" id="result_box" lang="el"><span class="hps">Άγαλμα του </span></span><span class="short_text" id="result_box" lang="el"><span class="hps">Αλέξανδρος</span> <span class="hps">Γ 'ο Μακεδών, </span></span><span class="short_text" id="result_box" lang="el"><span class="hps">βρέθηκαν</span> <span class="hps">στην αρχαία</span> <span class="hps">πόλη</span> <span class="hps">της </span></span><span class="st">Πέργη, </span><span class="short_text" id="result_box" lang="el"><span class="hps">σημερινή Τουρκία. </span></span><span class="short_text" id="result_box" lang="el"><span class="hps">Ρωμαϊκό αντίγραφο, </span></span><span class="short_text" id="result_box" lang="el" tabindex="-1"><span class="hps">2ος αιώνας μ.Χ. </span></span>Αττάλεια <span class="short_text" id="result_box" lang="el" tabindex="-1"><span class="hps">Αρχαιολογικό</span> <span class="hps">Μουσείο.</span></span></span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><span class="short_text" id="result_box" lang="el" tabindex="-1"><span class="hps">Click on the image to see in full size!</span></span></span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">
<span class="short_text" id="result_box" lang="el" tabindex="-1"><span class="hps"><br /></span></span>
Κάντε κλικ στην εικόνα για μεγέθυνση!</span></span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Photo by Leonidas Argyraspid</span></span>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1156540616762400209.post-12171710939085687742013-10-14T19:15:00.000-07:002013-10-14T19:15:06.653-07:00Bronze trefoil oinochoe - Derveni<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgn2faEYrQKM6N6K-WBnxgyWSdDHQoem58Na-rjnYoC_mvizwwGA-XTyoHsYCacLVVwLxNGdsCp16Kt5BpC0tbv9RTA59TDP6CTp6UcEW2tsyjKrVJObAQCCvB2nt2ISB6tZKSILsfS0-Q/s1600/8esB4.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgn2faEYrQKM6N6K-WBnxgyWSdDHQoem58Na-rjnYoC_mvizwwGA-XTyoHsYCacLVVwLxNGdsCp16Kt5BpC0tbv9RTA59TDP6CTp6UcEW2tsyjKrVJObAQCCvB2nt2ISB6tZKSILsfS0-Q/s320/8esB4.jpg" width="226" /></a></div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Bronze oinochoe or wine-pouring jug, with trefoil-lipped mouth and a
handle shaped like the stem of the wild thorn. Under the
handle, the jug is decorated with mask of the Hellenic god Pan. Found at Tomb B,
Derveni, Central Macedonia, Greece. 4th century BC.</span></span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Click on the image to see in full size! </span></span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: trebuchet ms;">Κάντε κλικ στην εικόνα για μεγέθυνση!</span> </span></span>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1156540616762400209.post-46934704878364553062013-10-13T20:34:00.000-07:002013-10-13T20:34:55.578-07:00Bronze Lantern - Vergina<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhU8c7oOLPhRJZp0nhG4Ms-t7ieT0ZDd90XRjVU7_FGLnlzGpQpBbE0jgW_W-PdDmrD-Z9gT-9pTYyJyBc_PWvtUiDoQFitd7oqYGvGOAJHbfuas1YzB_wDY-rtjKSUtHpoexGxV3tBZh0/s1600/8esC4.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhU8c7oOLPhRJZp0nhG4Ms-t7ieT0ZDd90XRjVU7_FGLnlzGpQpBbE0jgW_W-PdDmrD-Z9gT-9pTYyJyBc_PWvtUiDoQFitd7oqYGvGOAJHbfuas1YzB_wDY-rtjKSUtHpoexGxV3tBZh0/s320/8esC4.jpg" width="226" /></a></div>
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Bronze lantern found with a clay lamp inside, decorated with two heads of ancient Hellenic god Pan. Found in Royal Tomb II at Aigai (present-day Vergina), Macedonia, Greece. Third quarter of the 4th century BC. Exposed at the Museum of Vergina royal tombs.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh33OwQyfmZE8qpg_pQKKD5kuDw6_jw8Vj38HurnmH444GBWpM_ON0fuA1Eh2AKWZ_-8K3xwySBcQB1JknPci8GEfRFIFTdjI84CW88smEDFZP5SipT3EL829qbOLAVM4IKDStPUGhpPlA/s1600/verginabronzelatern001.jpg">Photo 1</a></span>,
<span style="font-size: small;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEii4WGM3xzWjRUf9RYcgFao2NH1sVDGJjtG1WBVB9jJ3IfWNHuEKcwT22KQTzSwMLJD1hK8F2dee87BbL6JVAEL0Ua4k7NTFx9P-LtC06dMUUibE_G4s3ADnUv-769iBkIuuZb0kPNR0J8/s1600/verginabronzelatern002.jpg">Photo 2</a></span>,
<span style="font-size: small;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEijn1USA07lDo4jmif8qY50zAJB65-1gEX2VotAPg_Wv76gxU5p3hAOGqd8KM7sxw0q8xsGcLgVPGGs-cUwJbBq2-aGN7W-MMqTVOZZ6_kIWAdojzSwX53O8mt68bLlPYbB5myyf_QE__Q/s1600/verginabronzelatern003.jpg">Photo 3</a></span></span>
<br />
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Click on the image to enlarge!</span></span>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1156540616762400209.post-14586381448181752802013-10-11T19:25:00.001-07:002013-10-11T19:25:53.556-07:00The Events of 1903 in Macedonia 4<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">The Events of 1903 in Macedonia; as Presented in European Diplomatic Correspondence (4)</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Introduced by Basil C. Gounaris</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Edited and Annotated by Angelos A. Chotzidis, Basil C. Gounaris, Anna A. Panayotopoulou</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">IMMA (Thessaloniki), 1993</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span>
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><b>16. Commitee activity in E. Macedonia. A letter from Kapetan Alexis in Poroia.</b></span></span><br />
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhzhaAu-UZcO50WtZrabbVMHmQWxcZzgNdgz4jKmUXl1kNcj4EQatWSTu5oVRKkS5LZegjbUIJnlZLZRMxCB_95jfD0Jn-_DOckJOLYSMadQe8r4cZqEoTXDkrfo5roBdMp76heQkzexzU/s1600/Diplomacy016.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: em; margin-right: em;"><img border="0" height="415" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhzhaAu-UZcO50WtZrabbVMHmQWxcZzgNdgz4jKmUXl1kNcj4EQatWSTu5oVRKkS5LZegjbUIJnlZLZRMxCB_95jfD0Jn-_DOckJOLYSMadQe8r4cZqEoTXDkrfo5roBdMp76heQkzexzU/s800/Diplomacy016.png" width="400" /></a></div>
<div class="normal">
<br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Thessaloniki, March 28th, 1903</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">[AMAE/NS Turquie-Macedoine, vol.32, ff.62<sup>v</sup>-63<sup>r</sup>, No.11].</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">...Le 23 un fil de service a ete coupe sur la ligne
de Jonction entre les stations de Poroi et d'Hadji-Beylik. On a trouve a
cet endroit une lettre en bulgare pleine de menaces et fixee sur un
baton et dont j' envoie a titre de curiosite la traduction litterale a
Votre Excellence. Cette lettre est signee du brigand Alexis de Poroi,de
meme qu' une autre lettre trouvee sur la meme ligne le 15 Janvier
dernier (voir rapport du Janvier no 2). Le Valy de Salonique suppose que
la signature de la derniere lettre est apocryphe Alexis ayant, d'apres
lui, du quitter le pays. On me signale cependant de sources differentes
de nouveaux exploits de ce brigand aux environs de Poroi ou il aurait
ranconne deux grecs et oblige un bey turc a lui fournir des vivres et
des chaussures.</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Les grecs se montrent assez emus du recent
assassinat du primat grec d'un village du caza de Zihna ou les
revolutionnaires bulgares n' avaient jamais penetre jusqu' a present...</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">L'opinion generale parmi les personnes en etat de
suivre le mouvement revolutionnaire c' est que le vilayet de Monastir
est la region ou se presenteraient en ce moment les plus grands dangers
de soulevement. On signale de divers cotes le retour dans cette province
d'un grand nombre d'ouvriers bulgares qui paraissent obeir a un mot
d'ordre general soit qu' ils se prerarent a prendre part a une
insurrection soit qu' ils veuillent etre aupres de leurs familles pour
les defendre en cas de danger...</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Steeg</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<br /></div>
<div class="normal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><b>17. Greek reactions in Monastir.</b></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiXpmtC6nNcSPc9zVyclupi1mTq-_H8JoR3cxBRRGyoa6bR2y6XJUpr-w92N3OhfaNaFuwwmAFbpPmp1SJ32-KHiI0jbIEx-0QAoMY7nhSNhbzZ8Ekcw9Ik1s783bxwJga6EeKyS5If5bs/s1600/Diplomacy017.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: em; margin-right: em;"><img border="0" height="250" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiXpmtC6nNcSPc9zVyclupi1mTq-_H8JoR3cxBRRGyoa6bR2y6XJUpr-w92N3OhfaNaFuwwmAFbpPmp1SJ32-KHiI0jbIEx-0QAoMY7nhSNhbzZ8Ekcw9Ik1s783bxwJga6EeKyS5If5bs/s400/Diplomacy017.png" width="400" /></a></div>
<div class="normal">
<br />
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Thessaloniki, April 3rd, 1903</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">[F.O.195/2156, ff.330<sup>r</sup>, No.81].</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Sir,</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">I have been told that the Greeks at Monastir, roused
at last to action, have warned the Bulgarians resident in the same town
that for every Patriarchist murdered by the bands in the country they
will murder two Bulgarians in the town. Whether this news is true or
not, the fact is that reports of murders from that Vilayet have been
less frequent of late and that the bands appear to be limiting
themselves to the more profitable employment of exacting money...</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Biliottis</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<br /></div>
<div class="normal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><b>18. Sarafov’s activities in the Morihovo disstrict. Preparations for the uprising.</b></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgSnjmT5KoFsxUo5UyksnHZx7BxGGfr2i0ZY4srUMs97r8C8SicCYwjHyK-BBkKH7LiMsm-m-ESnw3yM6Ggd4yMTkLAFfKVHpXACFkg9Dy7DYdCtNbd5dzsWicE6EGvKfrRecVHDai19GM/s1600/Diplomacy018.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: em; margin-right: em;"><img border="0" height="449" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgSnjmT5KoFsxUo5UyksnHZx7BxGGfr2i0ZY4srUMs97r8C8SicCYwjHyK-BBkKH7LiMsm-m-ESnw3yM6Ggd4yMTkLAFfKVHpXACFkg9Dy7DYdCtNbd5dzsWicE6EGvKfrRecVHDai19GM/s800/Diplomacy018.png" width="400" /></a></div>
<div class="normal">
</div>
<div class="normal">
</div>
<div class="normal">
<br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Monastir, April 17th, 1903</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">[HHStA PA XXXVIII/Konsulat Monastir 1903,vol.392, No.44, confidential].</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Hochgeborener Graf,</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Entgegen den Zeitungsnachrichtenk, dass Boris
Saraffof42 sich am Wege nach Sofia zu einer Berathung befinde, weilt
derselbe seit mehreren Wochen in diesem Vilajete und beabsichtigt nicht,
Macedonien sobald zu verlassen.</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Er kam ueber Morihovo, hatte in einem Dorfe oestlich
der Crna (3 1/2 Stunden von Monastir entfernt) eine Unterredung mit
Delegirten des hiesigen Provinzcentralcomite's43 und zog dann ueber
Setina-Banica in die Kaza's Florina und Kastoria. Beim Verlassen
Bulgariens war er von etwa 55 Officieren der bulgarischen Armee
begleitet und fuehrte mehrere Pferdeladungen Dynamit mit sich. Die
Officiere vertheilten sich au fur et a mesure; beim Betreten Morihovo's
verblieben noch 15, jetzt nur mehr 3 an seiner Seite. Von Setina aus
(Dorf s.w. des Kaimakcalan) waren bloss noch 3 Pferdeladungen Dynamit
weiterzutransportiren.</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Auch eine groessere Partie neuer Mannlichergewehre
wurde vor nicht langer Zeit durch Saraffof wieder eingeschmuggelt, doch
bewaehrten sich dieselben fuer die Banden wegen des leichten Rostens und
der Schwierigkeit der Reparatur nicht. Am geeingnetsten fuer die
Insurgenten sei nach wie vor das System "Gras".</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Nach Monastir waere Saraffof -entgegen den
Behauptungen zahlreicher Leute, auch von Consuln- nicht gekommen. Wahr
sei hingegen, dass dies zwei seiner Officiere thaten, welche auch die
naechstgelegenen Doerfer (Bukavo, Orehovo, Brusnik etc.) besuchten.</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Kral</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<br /></div>
<div class="normal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><b>19. Chakalarof’s activities. Pressure on Patriarchist communities in the Kastoria district.</b></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjYKSga1JDMBF-PXLisxHAFtOz_J38J8eTR6d1ybeywNQjX6LhfEsNECxj58R-SjF2WWHtrppDT8_ZnhvddNFaWQJCKHlxoUeNhekjUjRTgTJeeZ63bfkmMPxXcxi-ITTyniT7AIDKL5vw/s1600/Diplomacy019.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: em; margin-right: em;"><img border="0" height="262" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjYKSga1JDMBF-PXLisxHAFtOz_J38J8eTR6d1ybeywNQjX6LhfEsNECxj58R-SjF2WWHtrppDT8_ZnhvddNFaWQJCKHlxoUeNhekjUjRTgTJeeZ63bfkmMPxXcxi-ITTyniT7AIDKL5vw/s400/Diplomacy019.png" width="400" /></a></div>
<div class="normal">
<br />
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Monastir, April 20th, 1903</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">[HHStA PA XXXVIII/Konsulat Monastir 1903, vol.392, No.46].</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">...Auch die Serben haben in diesem Vilajete keine
Ursache mehr, die Unschuldigen zu spielen, weil serbophile Doerfer,
namentlich in Porec (Krcevo) die Banden aufnehmen -mag sein, manchmal
widerstrebend- und sich bewaffnen. -Als besonders kuehner Fuehrer zeigt
sich in juengster Zeit der ehemalige Lehrer Cilio Cekalaroff aus Smrdes,
der die recherchirenden Detachements schon mehr als einmal als Frau
verkleidet zu taeuschen wusste. Seit 14 Tagen besteht sein Sport in der
planmaessigen Vertreibung der griechischen Lehrer, hie und da auch der
Priester, aus den, dem Patriarchate anhaengenden slavischen Doerfern der
Kaza's Florina und Kastoria, indem er ruft: "Nieder die Griechen, hoch
Bulgarien!"...</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Kral</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<br /></div>
<div class="normal">
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><b>20. The commitees’ political asprirations Bosnische Post of 14 April 1903 in Macedonia and the Turkish reprisals.</b></span></span></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgRGCQFBLhl8JIrLzZ9WI1EPPwWvHYP8RVSia5NSCogl-fOdD7I0w6n_Vy5g5buRORBKa4zqhRtO5sHx5tRtR1mpbDDvqqZaGJiT6LzWMLJ5tRsMSk4eLlQ955DXRZ9NQ_VLplumi9xvr4/s1600/Diplomacy020a.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: em; margin-right: em;"><img border="0" height="495" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgRGCQFBLhl8JIrLzZ9WI1EPPwWvHYP8RVSia5NSCogl-fOdD7I0w6n_Vy5g5buRORBKa4zqhRtO5sHx5tRtR1mpbDDvqqZaGJiT6LzWMLJ5tRsMSk4eLlQ955DXRZ9NQ_VLplumi9xvr4/s800/Diplomacy020a.png" width="400" /></a></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiGoLMKkc5TPwP7ZelC21fqgOp6YXJuu2CNP4JKzXLjl9Mi3p1UkFBaGsHb5PZ_ekH5GoTwH-auhZU4AFvxvUVngbIPyuo9a4s_Pzr_CuUYc1qSlmBFFiQgekpoTrB-Sl0J0T7CvlWYfeY/s1600/Diplomacy020b.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: em; margin-right: em;"><img border="0" height="545" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiGoLMKkc5TPwP7ZelC21fqgOp6YXJuu2CNP4JKzXLjl9Mi3p1UkFBaGsHb5PZ_ekH5GoTwH-auhZU4AFvxvUVngbIPyuo9a4s_Pzr_CuUYc1qSlmBFFiQgekpoTrB-Sl0J0T7CvlWYfeY/s800/Diplomacy020b.png" width="400" /></a></div>
</div>
<br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">[AMAE/NS Turquie-Macedoine, vol.33, ff.6r-10<sup>r</sup>,
"Le mouvement macedonien", traslated extract from the journal Bosnische
Post of April 14th, 1903, attached to report No.47 submitted by the
French Consul in Serajevo on April 21st, 1903].</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span>
<br />
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">L'opinion publique europeenne malgre l'abondance des
nouvelles qui de Macedoine inondent la presse depuis des mois, n' a pu
se faire une idee exacte de l'essence et de l'etendue du mouvement
revolutionnaire parce que, sans parler du tranvestissement des faits qui
resulte du manque de critique ou d'un calcul fait a dessein, la longue
chaine des symptomes de la rebellion pourait faire croire qu' il s'agit
de l'emouvant spectacle d'un soulevement populaire contre la domination
ottomane.</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Cependant, ainsi qu' on le confirme de Salonique de
source autorisee, une telle importance manque absolument a l'action
fanatique de l'agitation bulgare. Les representations repandues dans une
partie de la presse, surtout en France et en Angleterre qui voudraient
faire croire qu' en Macedoine les masses populaires opprimees preparent
un combat desespere entourent les entreprises d'une petite fraction de
la population d'une aureole que sont loin de meriter les equipees de la
propagande revolutionnaire. Cette propagande et les violences des bandes
bulgares ne sont pas le debordement d'un courant populaire, mais ce
sont, au contraire les chefs de cette agitation qui cherchent a creer un
courant populaire dans cette direction. Il ne suffit pas pour decrire
la situation dans les provinces macedoniennes de constater que les
Serbes et les Grecs, dans toute la region dont il s'agit sont absolument
eloignes de la pensee d'extorquer par la rebellion des ameliorations du
gouvernement turc: pour etablir la verite complete, il est necessaire
de signaler le fait que parmi les Bulgares egalement la partie atteinte
par le mouvement revolutionnaire ne forme qu' une petite minorite. Les
instigateurs de ces menees deploient les plus grands efforts pour
produire un etat de surexcitation et de passion que pourrait conduire a
la lutte a outrance et au moyen des violences inouies pour aiguillioner
vers des represailles sauvages les troupes destinees a retablir l'ordre,
aussi bien que les Musulmans en general, afin que la Macedoine offre le
spectacle d'un conflit effrayant entre une population chretienne et
"l'opresseur ottoman". Ils n' ont jusqu' ici atteint ce resultat, du
moins en ce qui concerne la force armee. C' est au contraire un fait
indiscutable que les troupes, a part quelques cas isoles, ne se sont pas
en aucun endroit rendues coupables d'exces et que nullepart l'action
repressive n' a pris le caractere d'une destruction sans distinction des
coupables et des innocents.</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Or rien ne peut etre plus mal venu pour les chefs de
l'agitation bulgare que la moderation du cote turc, car, pour justifier
la revolution aux yeux de l'etranger et pour produire en Europe un
torrent d'indignation, ils ont absolument besoin d'atrocites turques.
Les regisseurs des Comites se sont en consequence inquietes depuis des
mois, de mettre en scene, la representation d'horreurs de ce genre,
repandant incessament des nouvelles exagerees ou entierement inventees.
Il leur arrive d'ailleurs egalement de temps a autre, de completer ces
produits de leur imagination par de sanglantes realites, en amenant par
des violences cruelles qu' ils commettent contre les Musulmans des
represailles analogues de leur part. C' est ainsi que pour prendre un
exemple qui jettera une vive lumiere sur les evenements, sur 30 meurtres
commis pendant le mois de Mars dans le vilayet de Monastir en l'espace
de 12 jours, plus de la moitie ont des Bulgares pour auteurs tandis que
les autres ne sont que des actes de vengeance de la part des Turcs. Le
fanatisme du comite et de ses emissaires ne fait d'ailleurs pas
seulement des victimes parmi les Musulmans mais aussi parmi les Serbes
et les Grecs, et on pourrait dresser une longue liste des crimes odieux
exerces par les Bulgares contre leurs" freres chretiens" et qui rapelle
les exploits de Boxers.</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">En outre, les comites exercent un vrai regime de
terreur sur leurs compatriotes pour les contraindre a se joindre a la
revolution ou du moins a aider a l'execution de leurs desseins.</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">L'arsenal des moyens de contraindre par lesquels les
comites cherchent a produire un boulversement dans la Turquie d'Europe
ne se borne pas la. S'ils ne reussissent pas a l'aide des attrocites
turques a exciter l'indignation morale de l'Europe a amener par la son
intervention dans les troubles de Macedoine, les revolutionnaires
bulgares veulent essayer d'attirer la sympathie de l'etranger et de
l'amener de cette facon a agir pour un dommage sensible cause a ses
interets materiels. Avec une sceleratesse digne d'un complot anarchiste
ils forment le dessein de detruire les voies de communication qui
servent au trafic de toute l'Europe, et par la d'aneantir d'un grand
nombre d'etres humaines qui n' ont rien a faire avec les evenements de
Macedoine. Cette conduite criminelle a deja , comme l'on sait, commence a
s'exercer contre la ligue d'Orient et selon toute apparence, le Comite
ne manquera pas de matieres explosibles, car il est prouve que de
l'etranger des quantites considerables de dynamite ont ete introduites
en fraude a travers les frontieres turques. Le public europeen ne
devrait par aucune espece de representation, se laisser conduire a
l'idee fausse qu' il se livre pour le moment en Macedoine une guerre
d'independance digne de la sympathie du monde civilise, mais au
contraire considera les evenements qui s'y jouent sous leur veritable
jour et en consequence les juger, comme les menees criminelles d'une
tres petite minorite d'une des nationalites chretiennes. Les comites et
leurs partisans ne veulent pas de reformes, ils ne veulent pas que le
sort des chretiens en Turquie se presente peu a peu dans des conditions
plus favorables, ils ne veulent pas d'une amelioration tranquille et
progressive de l'administration turque, telle que l'action de la Porte
commancee sur les conseils de l'Autriche et de la Russie, permet de
l'attendre, si elle est poursouivie avec perserverance. Ce qu' ils
cherchent a l'aide des procedes anarchistes c' est exclusivement la
revolution politique, bien que l'effervescence qui forme la condition de
ce genre n' existe, sans parler des Serbes, des Grecs et des
Kutzovalaques, pas meme parmi les Bulgares.</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">To be continued... </span></span></div>
</div>
</div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1156540616762400209.post-31952876115715496152013-10-11T09:24:00.000-07:002013-10-11T09:24:04.184-07:00Macedonian Shield - Vergina<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgzSPv5pu9wvb_qqZH8iyRRrePiK2pAU-a3HBr_ybMVJHk5fmv_5g52pi1BL4xstyWpJ7B-EkAWEuUygLdOYxeu-vVzuLXI4e0ldljblBwwXcKqsZNdNWiAWo4YME_CnL6u6dE0CBzH26g/s1600/b1243b.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="196" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgzSPv5pu9wvb_qqZH8iyRRrePiK2pAU-a3HBr_ybMVJHk5fmv_5g52pi1BL4xstyWpJ7B-EkAWEuUygLdOYxeu-vVzuLXI4e0ldljblBwwXcKqsZNdNWiAWo4YME_CnL6u6dE0CBzH26g/s200/b1243b.jpg" width="200" /></a></div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Gold-and-ivory Macedonian ceremonial shield with male and female device on the outer side. Probably the male figure is Achilles, and the female an Amazon. Shield is decorated with golden Macedonian eight rays suns, and Meander, also known as Greek key. Found in the Tomb of Philip II of Macedon at Aigai, present-day Vergina, Central Macedonia, Greece. Third quarter of 4th century. </span></span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Χρυσελεφάντινη 'τελετουργική' ασπίδα με σύμπλεγμα άνδρα και γυναίκας στο κέντρο της εξωτερικής όψης, από τον τάφο του Φιλίππου στη Βεργίνα, γ' τέταρτο 4ου αι. π.Χ.</span></span>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1156540616762400209.post-23932960431666745922013-10-10T20:43:00.000-07:002013-10-10T20:43:27.278-07:00Thucydides - Quotes<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Quote of ancient Hellenic historian and Athenian general Thucydides, about the land of Macedonia and origin of Temenid dynasty:</span></span>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgXnvJF7XOpl3l6CNSd8F9eUBaFRtbGXWIdIY7VkZ1cFPn14sy13ZYevC2aaes_lUUGgmt5Gwl4RVsago8B7kuwo6tfedQzY0FHNLI5I4bT3vA3jf39j_Q4GQkRFaPPAsUs_rVRHyu9oNU/s1600/thucbanner.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: em; margin-right: em;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgXnvJF7XOpl3l6CNSd8F9eUBaFRtbGXWIdIY7VkZ1cFPn14sy13ZYevC2aaes_lUUGgmt5Gwl4RVsago8B7kuwo6tfedQzY0FHNLI5I4bT3vA3jf39j_Q4GQkRFaPPAsUs_rVRHyu9oNU/s400/thucbanner.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
<br />
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">"The country on the sea coast, now called Macedonia, was first acquired by <b>Alexander, the father of Perdiccas, and his ancestors, originally Temenids from Argos</b>...The whole is now called Macedonia, and at the time of the invasion of Sitalces, Perdiccas, Alexander's son, was the reigning king."</span></span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">- Thuc. Book II.99.2,6 (The Peloponnesian War)</span></span>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1156540616762400209.post-44744985271598876342013-10-04T19:45:00.000-07:002013-10-04T19:45:27.350-07:00Gold Earrings - Lete, Mygdonia<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Earrings have rodax ("Rodakas" - Mycenaean Greek motif) on eight rays sun, two oak acorns, and bullhead motif, associated with the ancient Hellenic cult of Minotaur. Found at Lete, Mygdonia, Central Macedonia. Dating from III century B.C.</span></span><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg4O2NlBu7N9FxzCS2-aWIwiK11KB4j-X_Ub5jKIc6ApG10h9VVpSDLxlkS4855HZbDvoMjt1cgBTU61LZGxTje-C8pU4f4PSRPdRyvgMHaFxx1WXNJr_bwGQMeHnfXCb9zuGCT0wZ-_Ws/s1600/8esA4.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: em; margin-right: em;"><img border="0" height="286" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg4O2NlBu7N9FxzCS2-aWIwiK11KB4j-X_Ub5jKIc6ApG10h9VVpSDLxlkS4855HZbDvoMjt1cgBTU61LZGxTje-C8pU4f4PSRPdRyvgMHaFxx1WXNJr_bwGQMeHnfXCb9zuGCT0wZ-_Ws/s400/8esA4.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1156540616762400209.post-48688344342635345432013-10-04T06:03:00.000-07:002013-10-04T06:03:02.403-07:00The Events of 1903 in Macedonia 3<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">The Events of 1903 in Macedonia; as Presented in European Diplomatic Correspondence (3)</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Introduced by Basil C. Gounaris</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Edited and Annotated by Angelos A. Chotzidis, Basil C. Gounaris, Anna A. Panayotopoulou</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">IMMA (Thessaloniki), 1993</span></span><br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">11. The committees’ political objects in Macedonia.</span></span></b></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhKnX07yl2JSuzlOmNR1AtZV22D3fIIP1jj0F4ACdICR_Zsk9lnDbIo9xaedSBA6gHJkB-BQ028ot94Ex9YnDH7cNBpYs37qUE5KhwOQB0xdBlZaN7YiBCsOvN0rhUBY184BySzUinzf6Q/s1600/Diplomacy011.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: em; margin-right: em;"><img border="0" height="361" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhKnX07yl2JSuzlOmNR1AtZV22D3fIIP1jj0F4ACdICR_Zsk9lnDbIo9xaedSBA6gHJkB-BQ028ot94Ex9YnDH7cNBpYs37qUE5KhwOQB0xdBlZaN7YiBCsOvN0rhUBY184BySzUinzf6Q/s400/Diplomacy011.png" width="400" /></a></div>
<br />
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Thessaloniki, March 11, 1903</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">[F.O.195/2156, ff.224<sup>r</sup>-224<sup>v</sup>, No.54].</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">...The Committees have doubtless a political object,
be it autonomy or annexation, and their leaders may be men of highest
motives, but among those affiliated to their bands there are a great
number of mere brigands whose only object is perpetrating murders etc.
is their own personal gain. But whatever the motives each party has one
and the same object in view, to keep the country in disorder and oppose
by all means the introduction of any measure which could calm it. Had
their object been the amelioration of the condition of the native
Christians they would have tried to induce them from the beginning to
join the movement and not have murdered and otherwise ill-treated them
as they have done. And so deep rooted is the dislike of the
non-Bulgarians of the bands, that notwithstanding their desertation of
Turkish rule, the latter will not side with them although they suffer
much for not doing so.</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">And -be it noticed- even now that the Committees are
attempting to attract Greeks, Serbs and Vlachs to themselves by
promises of better things, the improvement they say they are working for
is not reform but always the supersession of the Turk.</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Biliottis</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<br /></div>
<div class="normal" style="text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">12. Preparations for the uprising. Economic pressure and atrocities by the committees.</span></span></b></div>
<div class="normal">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh8K25bfBXe4o2lyexCEbH8g99rIzKlprliT-WqvozDNJG9HGaVAprm4wq_e2EyCu2QHBD5rD3E9oiVqydrXOBDGHP6Z-GM0CwIl-ifuZ1f5DbXLauNZ9LQ5vGIPtiR5Tt4_xhvCRkZuHA/s1600/Diplomacy012a.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: em; margin-right: em;"><img border="0" height="590" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh8K25bfBXe4o2lyexCEbH8g99rIzKlprliT-WqvozDNJG9HGaVAprm4wq_e2EyCu2QHBD5rD3E9oiVqydrXOBDGHP6Z-GM0CwIl-ifuZ1f5DbXLauNZ9LQ5vGIPtiR5Tt4_xhvCRkZuHA/s640/Diplomacy012a.png" width="400" /></a></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhIwuAJ43PZ8-ADtcyFILRYPWqifdU5TuOMmqajUpJ0bBHrPHbL0HI_pwMyi4jJpEbhrjhYCZBGSD179BkS4iY-WF3zd_kXt9LyYTwWgALY0AHGM9rqe6SzguKBRpMV4Xzwb8NndgJBZ-A/s1600/Diplomacy012b.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: em; margin-right: em;"><img border="0" height="141" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhIwuAJ43PZ8-ADtcyFILRYPWqifdU5TuOMmqajUpJ0bBHrPHbL0HI_pwMyi4jJpEbhrjhYCZBGSD179BkS4iY-WF3zd_kXt9LyYTwWgALY0AHGM9rqe6SzguKBRpMV4Xzwb8NndgJBZ-A/s400/Diplomacy012b.png" width="400" /></a></div>
<div class="normal">
<div class="normal">
<br /></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Monastir, March 11th, 1903</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">[HHStA PA XXXVIII/Konsulat Monastir 1903, vol.392, No.22].</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">...Die Gelderpressungen vollfuehrt das Comite mit
unbeschreiblicher Kuehnheit bei Bulgaren, Griechen, Walachen, bei
Christen und Mohammedanern. Den Christen droht im Falle des Nichtzahlens
Ermordung, den reichen, gutbewachten und bewaffneten mohammedanischen
Gutsbesitzern Brand ihrer Landgueter. Bei Geldeintreibung machen die
Comite's unter den Christen schon deswegen keinen Unterschied, weil sie
behaupten, ihre Bemuehungen seien auf Verbesserung des Looses
saemmtlicher Christen in Macedonien gerichtet. Die Hoehe der zu
fordernden Geldsumme wird in Anbetracht der Vermoegensund
Einkommensverhaeltnisse des Einzelnen genau erwogen, doch laesst das
Comite in beruecksichtigungswuerdigen Faellen mit sich reden. Weniger
bemittelten Leuten wird manchmal selbst die Haelfte nachgelassen,
vermoegenden nichts. Das Ausmass der Beitragsleistung bewegt sich
zwischen 5 und 100 Ltq, selten mehr. Im Kreise Perlepe, wo die
Mohammedaner in Minoritaet sind, soll fast ein jeder Aga gezahlt haben,
desgleichen die meisten Griechen (resp. Walachen) Monastirs und der
walachischen Doerfer wie Gopes, Mollovista, Tirnovo, Krusevo u.s.w.</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Sogar eine Anzahl von Haeusern dieser
nichtbulgarischen Staedchen ist -meist wohl durch Drohung- den Comite's
gewonnen worden, da dieselben in jenen wichtigen und von den Tuerken
weniger verdaechtigen Ortschaften ein pied-a-terre benoetigten.</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">...Die fortgesetzten, noch nie mit solchem Hochdruck
wie gegenwaertig ausgefuehrten Erpressungen haben die Beunruhigung
unter der nicht bulgarischen, namentlich der griechischen Bevoelkerung
auf einen hohen Grad gesteigert, Alles schwebt in Furcht, Niemand wagt
Widerstand. Gerade waehrend dieser Schreckenswirtschaft fuehlt ein Jeder
doppelt die Schutzlosigkeit, welcher er durch die Unfaehigkeit,
Schwaeche und Corruptheit der tuerkischen Regierung ausgesetzt ist. Die
Sehnsucht nach Ordnung dieser unertraeglichen Zustaende und einer neuen
starken Regierung wird immer brennender, und -wie ich schon oefter zu
behaupten die Ehre hatte, man will gar keine Reformen, keine Autonomie
oder was immer; die Majoritaet der Macedonier wuenscht sich nichts
Anderes als -ich bitte um Verzeihung ob meiner Aufrichtigkeit- das
Schicksal von Bosnien.</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Die Strafexecutionen fahren fort, ein staendiges
Kapitel in der Bandenthaetigkeit zu bilden, und waeren aus den letzten
14 Tagen zu erwaehnen die Rachemorde am griechischen Priester von
Zelenic, am Lehrer von Strebeno, einem griechischen Parteigaenger aus
Ajtos (saemmtlich im Kaza Florina), am serbischen Priester von Vrbjani
und einem albanesischen Grundbesitzer aus Lenista (Kaza Perlepe),
welchem der Hals durchschnitten wurde. Insbesondere das Verbrechen von
Vrbjani hat Aufsehen erregt, weil schon zwei Jahre lang kein Attentat
der Bulgaren gegen Serben zu verzeichnen war, und die Serbophilen sich
den Banden nie gegnerisch erwiesen haben. Die Moerder waren -wie der
serbische Generalconsul durch persoenliche Nachforschung an Ort und
Stelle feststellte- drei, jetzt fluechtige Bewohner des Dorfes (darunter
Einer ein langjaehriger Freund des Priesters), die den Mord als eine
Art Aufnahmspruefung in das Comite zu vollfuehren gezwungen worden
waren.</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Kral</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<br /></div>
<div class="normal" style="text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">13. Assessment of Bulgaria’s attitude to the uprising brewing in Macedonia.</span></span></b></div>
<div class="normal">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg94UwqQClH_fVqLziU29OCsZSG-aTlFcyc2ru57DYNWcXnNkDCZivcn1eAlT52RNsmPdUZALSavcL5GuUiLPTasq1XWacFgUi84EE2wkqcWDJbmYNXf5xoR3VpRQHsR4GteLk4PWKpFvk/s1600/Diplomacy013.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: em; margin-right: em;"><img border="0" height="266" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg94UwqQClH_fVqLziU29OCsZSG-aTlFcyc2ru57DYNWcXnNkDCZivcn1eAlT52RNsmPdUZALSavcL5GuUiLPTasq1XWacFgUi84EE2wkqcWDJbmYNXf5xoR3VpRQHsR4GteLk4PWKpFvk/s400/Diplomacy013.png" width="400" /></a></div>
<div class="normal">
</div>
<div class="normal" style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">[AMAE/NS Turquie-Macedoine, vol.31, ff.214<sup>v</sup>-215<sup>r</sup>,
"Rapport confidentiel d' un agent secret envoye en Macedoine pour
sonder les dispositions de Sarafoff et des comites macedoniens",
attached to report No.25, submitted by the French Consul in Vienna,
Marquis de Reverseaux, on March 6th, 1903].</span></span></div>
<div class="normal" style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal" style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">...Presque tout l'element intelligent de la Bulgarie
professeurs, employes, officiers- est macedonien et que son irritation
peut amener a des exces en Bulgarie meme.</span></span></div>
<div class="normal" style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal" style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Actuellement, l'explosion de ce mecontentement est
retenu par l'espoir que, lorsque le premier appel des revolutionnaires
se faira entendre en Macedoine, le Prince n'osera pas resister a ce
sentiment populaire, et que, au lieu de permettre la rupture, de tous
les liens de discipline et du pouvoir d'etat, il preferera ecouter son
peuple plutot que les Puissannces, car il ne consentira pas a etre
renverse , victime de la desillusion qui s'emparerait de tous les
cercles bulgares.</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<br /></div>
<div class="normal">
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">14. Preparations for the uprising. Economic pressure and atrocities by the commitees.</span></span></b></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjK0iEz84j5YLQyIEbg3OU9Wtud8aoRBJWHz4a5N7JwtxupCgU8YuBoUQfjxCJSFdha3XuRH__JM9JN8cdfSmcjCrILOFijvqgJ4YwZk2Sn7ZLzKQCXDKqcN2sCn5mmJ_576UPLP3HMlV4/s1600/Diplomacy014.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: em; margin-right: em;"><img border="0" height="281" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjK0iEz84j5YLQyIEbg3OU9Wtud8aoRBJWHz4a5N7JwtxupCgU8YuBoUQfjxCJSFdha3XuRH__JM9JN8cdfSmcjCrILOFijvqgJ4YwZk2Sn7ZLzKQCXDKqcN2sCn5mmJ_576UPLP3HMlV4/s400/Diplomacy014.png" width="400" /></a></div>
<div class="normal">
<br /></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Monastir, March 15th, 1903</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">[AMAE/NSTurquie-Macedoine, vol.32, f.22, No.56].</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">...Plusieurs grecs a Monastir meme, ont ete invites
par le comite a lui verser de fortes contributions faute de quoi ils
savent quel sort leur est reserve (...) Les comites les poussent de
toutes leurs forces a la revolte et continuent activement leurs menees
qui trouvent un terrain bien prerare. Il ressort des faits cites plus
haut qu' ils assassinent impitoyablement les traitres et ceux qui
refusent de se laisser ranconner. Les villages valaques de Milovichta,
Nejepol, Tirnova-Magarovo et surtout Pissoder qui n'ont jamais ete
perquisitionnes ni inquietes par les troupes sont sollicites de
s'affilier au comite, beaucoup d'entre eux ont ete contraints de verser
de l'argent et une vingtaine de personnes de Tirnova-Magarovo auraient
ete gagnees a la cause revolutionnaire...</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Gauthier</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<br /></div>
<div class="normal" style="text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">15. Pressure and blackmail by the armed bands in N.E. Macedonia.</span></span></b></div>
<div class="normal">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg2VSr39nJOdj6j26OqvitrjR7k3Qc3XrQwvM6KR9bXo96GMLg77clDggcaJM29WWtdxZBha4Gt7qxg3MmFkPMu0Ua-UBGXzFI4kzAVNCexxfX9IXowQBJRkuU8zVzOtsrQisFA_Ou1Iec/s1600/Diplomacy015.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: em; margin-right: em;"><img border="0" height="620" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg2VSr39nJOdj6j26OqvitrjR7k3Qc3XrQwvM6KR9bXo96GMLg77clDggcaJM29WWtdxZBha4Gt7qxg3MmFkPMu0Ua-UBGXzFI4kzAVNCexxfX9IXowQBJRkuU8zVzOtsrQisFA_Ou1Iec/s640/Diplomacy015.png" width="400" /></a></div>
<div class="normal">
<br />
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Thessaloniki, March 24th, 1903</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<br /></div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">
</span></span><div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">[F.O.195/2156, ff.269<sup>r</sup>-270<sup>r</sup>, No.69].</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<br /></div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">
</span></span><div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Sir,</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<br /></div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">
</span></span><div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Mr. Acting Vice Consul Theodorides reports, that
Alexis of Poroia, the notorious Bulgarian chief, carried off two men,
one Greek, and the other Vlach from that village, for whom he asks
eighty pounds ransom, and cut the telegraph wires between Demir Hissar
and Petritch; and that three aides-de-camp to the Sultan arrived at
Serres on the 21st instant to institute an enquiry into the Vrondou
incidents (See my despatch No. 46 of February 28).</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<br /></div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">
</span></span><div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Mr. Vice Consul Gregoriades38 reports that the
Committees, greatly encouraged by the amnesty, are showing greater
energy than ever in Drama. At Gornitza, a village which has remained
completely faithful to the Patriarchate, they murdered the Khodjabashi,
Dimitri Martsou, whom they have long threatened for his refusal to
recant.</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<br /></div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">
</span></span><div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">I hear, that amnestied Bulgarians have persuaded
some of the seven hundred inhabitants of Gornitza to join the movement
and that the murder was committed as an example to the rest; also that
the murderers of Balabani, whose son, Mr. Gregoriades reports, is being
threatened with death, if he does no desist from his prosecution of his
father's assassins, live in the neighbouring village of Skrivotza, which
is a hotbed of Committee intrigue.</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<br /></div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">
</span></span><div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Three Bulgarians entered the shop of a Bulgarian
baker in Salonica some days ago and one of them fired four shots at him
and his companion, wounding one of them severely. The baker refuses to
give any explanation, but the reason for the crime is said to be the
appropriation of one hundred pounds given to him last year or the year
before to distribute in such a manner as to cause the release of certain
Komitaji prisoners.</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<br /></div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">
</span></span><div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">The would be assassin, a youth of eighteen or
twenty, died in his house the same evening apparently of a fit brought
on either by fright or by remorse.</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<br /></div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">
</span></span><div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">While the police were searching for the other two in
some vegetable gardens outside the town they found a man, with a bullet
wound, who after repeated examinations, has finally confessed to being
one of the Boemitza band (see my despatch No. 55 of the 12th instant),
to have been wounded in the encounter and to have "come" here for
medical treatment.</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<br /></div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">
</span></span><div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Biliottis</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<br /></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">To be continued... </span></span></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1156540616762400209.post-9863536948069572832013-09-28T19:07:00.000-07:002013-09-28T19:07:37.822-07:00Gold Myrtle Wreath - Vergina<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjgI_wThC3JqF7DrZsfxM8lJ_-K1lCuTBJZYxPAmfEE9zWWHn0q4yR56CerZkjf5-AIp-hhclU03iL0pMaLC_nRCRhXhpCbBnQ-So1oZsSWI164B0zf1EBXGP-WCoPtO2z51DljCnolCRs/s1600/8esA3.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: em; margin-left: em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjgI_wThC3JqF7DrZsfxM8lJ_-K1lCuTBJZYxPAmfEE9zWWHn0q4yR56CerZkjf5-AIp-hhclU03iL0pMaLC_nRCRhXhpCbBnQ-So1oZsSWI164B0zf1EBXGP-WCoPtO2z51DljCnolCRs/s1600/8esA3.jpg" height="170" width="210" /></a></div>
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Gold wreath of myrtle leaves and blossoms, from third quarter of 4th century B.C., also it is known as Meda's Wreath, Thracian princess and fifth wife of Philip II of Macedon. <a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgS_aLwGfWFh4Um-MFasm-6PfDcQZC1iZjXJvq-AweqdFYF_yenqxDmN9HGagXpV0TFtzqqELlhuWBNqHhpD9NxtIXSU_7pEczvgYYXz2qWLy-ZRVO_gmUM0hKlnkOA4bTnx0C4X56t8VY/s1600/goldendiademvergina.jpg">Photo 2</a>, <a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiGiQJgkKzSy7xIUGCnu7fFnf2WI7rafxevACHqXFjQ6iXBSjT0saubKKAgkVP20yPmN6Qx3bYX4r7wB-prb7j2ncJkY5ldVMXZao4qD83-6UFHE7ekWYhc306yVu8zn4_HTuO65wvwTj4/s1600/6857554.jpg">Photo 3</a>.</span></span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">This myrtle wreath has some 80 leaves and 112 flowers and it was found in the antechamber of the Great Tumulus (Megali Toumba), tomb of Philip II of Macedon, at ancient Aigai. Similar wreaths are found in burials in southern Italy (Magna Graecia), Minor Asia and the North Pontic areas, which indicates about a Pan-Hellenic cult.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Found in Vergina, Central Macedonia, Hellenic Republic. Excavated by Manolis Andronikos in 1977, exposed at Archaeological Museum of Thessaloniki.</span></span>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1156540616762400209.post-6251085222750859572013-09-26T05:47:00.001-07:002013-09-26T05:47:40.317-07:00Balkan Peninsula, 1920-23 (1970)<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Balkan Peninsula 1920-1923 - 1970, British Map.</span></span><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjJBI1s7nEkUh5TicE43LPUwVnPK0SU_i3jRuutyDih_kX3ez86iYiMyn6HYVWXNrBCDBva8yStJvPTBOw3ov48Y7kgi4DNaozHBwvHImqNzXFE1kp7-4ZJg2Pj1EXw1P7-QaOQfqrVEms/s1600/doc23c.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: em; margin-right: em;"></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjQ4L32rRUD38wzQB5cRD0h2pr8Qtx4khehDwLOLvEcwqmFT22fUv8Gga0s3d2qTZ9HD3mWArFMBC-hjwRW15Ks9v3zIhN8OUEW9m2nSNGxAGGOKfuBaSDEaACNBmm_gs17zKw3yH9yr6Q/s1600/doc23a.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: em; margin-right: em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjQ4L32rRUD38wzQB5cRD0h2pr8Qtx4khehDwLOLvEcwqmFT22fUv8Gga0s3d2qTZ9HD3mWArFMBC-hjwRW15Ks9v3zIhN8OUEW9m2nSNGxAGGOKfuBaSDEaACNBmm_gs17zKw3yH9yr6Q/s1600/doc23a.jpg" height="300" width="198" /> </a><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjJBI1s7nEkUh5TicE43LPUwVnPK0SU_i3jRuutyDih_kX3ez86iYiMyn6HYVWXNrBCDBva8yStJvPTBOw3ov48Y7kgi4DNaozHBwvHImqNzXFE1kp7-4ZJg2Pj1EXw1P7-QaOQfqrVEms/s1600/doc23c.jpg" height="300" width="200" /></div>
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Source: The New Cambridge Modern History. Vol. XIV: Atlas. Edited by H. C. Darby and H. Fullard.Cambridge: University Press. 1970.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Description: Map of Southern region of the Balkan Peninsula, after WWI.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Conclusion: On the map Macedonia is depicted as a part of Greece. Thessaloniki is depicted as Salonica (Greek toponym) and Thassos with his own Greek name. This is contrary of the claims of some Slavomacedonian historians, that present-day region of Macedonia in Greece, was never depicted with name "Macedonia", after 1912 and before 1988.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Click on the images, to enlarge!</span></span>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1156540616762400209.post-58056877940914933432013-09-15T17:13:00.000-07:002013-09-15T17:13:01.139-07:00Edward Anson on Ancient Macedonia<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">"Why Study Ancient Macedonia and What this Companion is About" by Edward M. Anson - 2010.</span></span><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiplNiEg1QXlb9hmslTL2BmKkbB-JftRkPw45ymKpAs_7Q1izRYnrbMnfCo3Szgefgqy33bFCXkX5GW0VZYkECRNxR5aOFICeNS9U55eHfrSNKxs2F0QKnAS0rAoqduC41nbkdaa4d2Yjw/s1600/companion_003.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: em; margin-right: em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiplNiEg1QXlb9hmslTL2BmKkbB-JftRkPw45ymKpAs_7Q1izRYnrbMnfCo3Szgefgqy33bFCXkX5GW0VZYkECRNxR5aOFICeNS9U55eHfrSNKxs2F0QKnAS0rAoqduC41nbkdaa4d2Yjw/s320/companion_003.png" height="300" width="198" /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEibsB3ertu-U8BWoPEjN8i6iganBTVJ3nkipzH3PlYdL172vgYarL4VtbDOdoQAHogLkRqfRA8ls-spTWsS3RkvSMoYSNqo3jchGcydTZswaDjcol3I7jUg_OA1PdbEfoLws1_NZHd6luE/s1600/companion_004.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: em; margin-right: em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEibsB3ertu-U8BWoPEjN8i6iganBTVJ3nkipzH3PlYdL172vgYarL4VtbDOdoQAHogLkRqfRA8ls-spTWsS3RkvSMoYSNqo3jchGcydTZswaDjcol3I7jUg_OA1PdbEfoLws1_NZHd6luE/s320/companion_004.png" height="300" width="198" /></a></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiTma4Xl-xvKStF8tilC6LY1pXcBdBB7ceSXYnP3-7m4psm9e1VFex3-NKhr87VWmn8k1-c7I42U3xr1t3IvDq4i5iYeJqPZtZimCa8wQxggHntKCK04zH-kaCpzzV5esap_ZMvEibWlJQ/s1600/companion_005.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: em; margin-right: em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiTma4Xl-xvKStF8tilC6LY1pXcBdBB7ceSXYnP3-7m4psm9e1VFex3-NKhr87VWmn8k1-c7I42U3xr1t3IvDq4i5iYeJqPZtZimCa8wQxggHntKCK04zH-kaCpzzV5esap_ZMvEibWlJQ/s320/companion_005.png" height="300" width="198" /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEic5Yz3iOEx8EHgPtfTDW9f1YtE_Gl_vS70Vxa9LjoYvjsbuQujfuz665TIHAsLbCI4e4jqVan9sXb0dOEB3GzF8PHlWsZjZGP15buTVzIKXYp0LaxgZ4mLr7Hn57SzjRCmoM4lzxoQyQc/s1600/companion_006.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: em; margin-right: em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEic5Yz3iOEx8EHgPtfTDW9f1YtE_Gl_vS70Vxa9LjoYvjsbuQujfuz665TIHAsLbCI4e4jqVan9sXb0dOEB3GzF8PHlWsZjZGP15buTVzIKXYp0LaxgZ4mLr7Hn57SzjRCmoM4lzxoQyQc/s320/companion_006.png" height="300" width="198" /> </a></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgtzc12VR_TMT5Keyzf44s1JyqoTu69j2ioEtF8N8Yq799qBExTIVmSbutyxQMgYAiIkRAC58ocfWCTAsaF6DvXJCv-eE3EpHWs_ZLDYzmrstPw_NaUnh35xBw7JUW_Z2OyWqOMGQtKMI0/s1600/companion_007.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: em; margin-right: em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgtzc12VR_TMT5Keyzf44s1JyqoTu69j2ioEtF8N8Yq799qBExTIVmSbutyxQMgYAiIkRAC58ocfWCTAsaF6DvXJCv-eE3EpHWs_ZLDYzmrstPw_NaUnh35xBw7JUW_Z2OyWqOMGQtKMI0/s320/companion_007.png" height="300" width="198" /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhIXXje2tLQ8CGt5kQlLpr6nbxYt2Z3zw-igIWX5f7oS6C9tfqwWiUb14S7KIpaOgEWwj7l9jLakXM5lRC1Giv1NfEsVDV3xBQhOfNSyijf0PFJSqxtNntsBkHNyKlXilhP7p2WVh2vI4I/s1600/companion_008.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: em; margin-right: em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhIXXje2tLQ8CGt5kQlLpr6nbxYt2Z3zw-igIWX5f7oS6C9tfqwWiUb14S7KIpaOgEWwj7l9jLakXM5lRC1Giv1NfEsVDV3xBQhOfNSyijf0PFJSqxtNntsBkHNyKlXilhP7p2WVh2vI4I/s320/companion_008.png" height="300" width="198" /></a></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgwT3vkAnbkuy0OyLXa-g6D6XIy63w58Io3xE1gnQizqL2obbMK8xZvBaSr21vFHgN9Xqj5Uyn2fJRWj27M0i6kifMOE_T1LyNqEERKNVpj9Tp9rGcNEWDHEoQbRbasVyQcU_Ogo5fWKY8/s1600/companion_009.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: em; margin-right: em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgwT3vkAnbkuy0OyLXa-g6D6XIy63w58Io3xE1gnQizqL2obbMK8xZvBaSr21vFHgN9Xqj5Uyn2fJRWj27M0i6kifMOE_T1LyNqEERKNVpj9Tp9rGcNEWDHEoQbRbasVyQcU_Ogo5fWKY8/s320/companion_009.png" height="300" width="198" /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjMEeo5rbfavErQp_N8lVAW-h5L3ik4K5c3iyjKKlqFsdE5km8PjpoCk92dD-ViksJ_N3puuPxV9oP-ejImz4RQEfFyXJ6yFMwXqxf10pxD4o550zaK_6AoyfUMhH0B7IP97sBvABhN9cY/s1600/companion_010.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: em; margin-right: em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjMEeo5rbfavErQp_N8lVAW-h5L3ik4K5c3iyjKKlqFsdE5km8PjpoCk92dD-ViksJ_N3puuPxV9oP-ejImz4RQEfFyXJ6yFMwXqxf10pxD4o550zaK_6AoyfUMhH0B7IP97sBvABhN9cY/s320/companion_010.png" height="300" width="198" /></a></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEieTg9GTWt60bHiGdeeviv1qVcs8TIB9aqYSwncVevFOPBp1cHDK0lvaiAsKUk4TcBzm8dQvFEOVVzT8k0Cvyf0UGx4JlNMZp_wIk_AjxNB97TJfPD-r-SmOysiWrOPzhgYgHiuYTn2NE4/s1600/companion_011.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: em; margin-right: em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEieTg9GTWt60bHiGdeeviv1qVcs8TIB9aqYSwncVevFOPBp1cHDK0lvaiAsKUk4TcBzm8dQvFEOVVzT8k0Cvyf0UGx4JlNMZp_wIk_AjxNB97TJfPD-r-SmOysiWrOPzhgYgHiuYTn2NE4/s320/companion_011.png" height="300" width="198" /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi1pHNcODLXKVZFP6AbZbJASxwAN5mTO4dWS5fHaPnJ7iCAOSY6id_m9FnYjzEfgd3yNVq9_dws3LJLaX-DAxkpIlVwaoPbV20WCOuzST_dusuAExRVcuNSScPogXDt8GrwI6srhV6EFMA/s1600/companion_012.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: em; margin-right: em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi1pHNcODLXKVZFP6AbZbJASxwAN5mTO4dWS5fHaPnJ7iCAOSY6id_m9FnYjzEfgd3yNVq9_dws3LJLaX-DAxkpIlVwaoPbV20WCOuzST_dusuAExRVcuNSScPogXDt8GrwI6srhV6EFMA/s320/companion_012.png" height="300" width="198" /></a></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh_V3wBojlYdDiNDU3PWRht8nkLkiCFVVOtLVzWINe1oSk-8cB5Dace3lAqhLankfqlaVUtFYI3lbQNF9HCMJ_LXAoUUuQeKb1PycPT_IZ2UMnt0Hf_CR2oEJYoTBV4Ph7xqR2pvWa2VSU/s1600/companion_013.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: em; margin-right: em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh_V3wBojlYdDiNDU3PWRht8nkLkiCFVVOtLVzWINe1oSk-8cB5Dace3lAqhLankfqlaVUtFYI3lbQNF9HCMJ_LXAoUUuQeKb1PycPT_IZ2UMnt0Hf_CR2oEJYoTBV4Ph7xqR2pvWa2VSU/s320/companion_013.png" height="300" width="198" /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi1_orr8i8z93pxtDXMOijUaSbfuQ_F-17wioGexMwGgYuNhaH4PAvSoK_UXvzjtyXYqldPjTIz7h9oFwSAxJvyOW5oSKVzy1gbM7qIGM0SvCfTmUnghGXhIYPBMPw8S54Mitmnwv4fezE/s1600/companion_014.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: em; margin-right: em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi1_orr8i8z93pxtDXMOijUaSbfuQ_F-17wioGexMwGgYuNhaH4PAvSoK_UXvzjtyXYqldPjTIz7h9oFwSAxJvyOW5oSKVzy1gbM7qIGM0SvCfTmUnghGXhIYPBMPw8S54Mitmnwv4fezE/s320/companion_014.png" height="300" width="198" /></a></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiJoAjmc0lWZjzpOcZa9MnL4_wpLRmfBdNJRKBuY7oC2oykgs_mO6xeLtbgXW9pYLevtLxKjutEDaoajg_1EkRDhkrZEmFz8hD_wBgPpftTyH9_VIsid1_55YsfOt3vW02mwttJ4WAv2Rs/s1600/companion_015.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: em; margin-right: em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiJoAjmc0lWZjzpOcZa9MnL4_wpLRmfBdNJRKBuY7oC2oykgs_mO6xeLtbgXW9pYLevtLxKjutEDaoajg_1EkRDhkrZEmFz8hD_wBgPpftTyH9_VIsid1_55YsfOt3vW02mwttJ4WAv2Rs/s320/companion_015.png" height="300" width="198" /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgJcPlV62zPYhcRBQPMO4t5zApEEnb2A-FRo2XucKG3fm901mWy_UjZIpazt02fNVm4J7uy1todv7V0UCGEgtYO-sm34c8zVEc7QTTeQZhlhm1js5t70NU5jDd8q9bf6av4WUaoghPl2wo/s1600/companion_016.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: em; margin-right: em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgJcPlV62zPYhcRBQPMO4t5zApEEnb2A-FRo2XucKG3fm901mWy_UjZIpazt02fNVm4J7uy1todv7V0UCGEgtYO-sm34c8zVEc7QTTeQZhlhm1js5t70NU5jDd8q9bf6av4WUaoghPl2wo/s320/companion_016.png" height="300" width="198" /></a></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi4FDnAiaC3OtM71Pjd7127f2y2OunwyfAo_9MKMct-9_IR6djclnTfkePdGNwboQSikIq9vKpb7Uk4QN0rbgRmixTzMGrmDsMjjmawMk6_ORl4CfP1F_d3QhQV1vCiJvKVf8ruppxaKiU/s1600/companion_017.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: em; margin-right: em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi4FDnAiaC3OtM71Pjd7127f2y2OunwyfAo_9MKMct-9_IR6djclnTfkePdGNwboQSikIq9vKpb7Uk4QN0rbgRmixTzMGrmDsMjjmawMk6_ORl4CfP1F_d3QhQV1vCiJvKVf8ruppxaKiU/s320/companion_017.png" height="300" width="198" /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhaKr97MG-JB_8TGJ0Yh1IRHUY3B8qyqkGN3MpkCYhllAkcxD8xniZBc64YTZale8tYaO0Oxq1KzT8kaEBxeUJapBSnIrJK7PpPmO2nJdCeNSVeakFWGv5Vy7S4_xOvfDs-jd2-MifhtuU/s1600/companion_018.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: em; margin-right: em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhaKr97MG-JB_8TGJ0Yh1IRHUY3B8qyqkGN3MpkCYhllAkcxD8xniZBc64YTZale8tYaO0Oxq1KzT8kaEBxeUJapBSnIrJK7PpPmO2nJdCeNSVeakFWGv5Vy7S4_xOvfDs-jd2-MifhtuU/s320/companion_018.png" height="300" width="198" /></a></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjKH9S-EDwmjTuTvTO5z9FmDv57SUyONpS7OrmNXBSRGgqt2ENOKof_jccINeC3XPYJk3XR66p2mrvxuxVmxaF7K-ZI_3q4AYyEw0rgtPv5Wa6NIMC5mksG3z72bb0wGDUgKghjBGl_QfE/s1600/companion_019.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: em; margin-right: em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjKH9S-EDwmjTuTvTO5z9FmDv57SUyONpS7OrmNXBSRGgqt2ENOKof_jccINeC3XPYJk3XR66p2mrvxuxVmxaF7K-ZI_3q4AYyEw0rgtPv5Wa6NIMC5mksG3z72bb0wGDUgKghjBGl_QfE/s320/companion_019.png" height="300" width="198" /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiB_J1fV1hwQMMcctyXVKbNaaQnrPFhtnXhzl8VEsIQI07_qDmEFzjk4piMKVkYJPwhLrPizslRIglwleyMJIcfMfyI6_tjTBtL5yYMMiYT1EpfXctQhmWaj-eOHqjjYAIpi-ygnKOdEO8/s1600/companion_020.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: em; margin-right: em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiB_J1fV1hwQMMcctyXVKbNaaQnrPFhtnXhzl8VEsIQI07_qDmEFzjk4piMKVkYJPwhLrPizslRIglwleyMJIcfMfyI6_tjTBtL5yYMMiYT1EpfXctQhmWaj-eOHqjjYAIpi-ygnKOdEO8/s320/companion_020.png" height="300" width="198" /></a></div>
<br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">[Edward M. Anson, A Companion to Ancient Macedonia, First Edition, Why Study Ancient Macedonia and What this Companion is About. Edited by Joseph Roisman and Ian Worthington (2010), pp. 3-20]</span></span>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1156540616762400209.post-8777915995548169802013-09-14T19:51:00.001-07:002013-10-04T05:38:31.228-07:00The Events of 1903 in Macedonia 2<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">The Events of 1903 in Macedonia; as Presented in European Diplomatic Correspondence (2)</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Introduced by Basil C. Gounaris</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Edited and Annotated by Angelos A. Chotzidis, Basil C. Gounaris, Anna A. Panayotopoulou</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">IMMA (Thessaloniki), 1993</span></span><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"></span></span><br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">6. Turkish atrocities are being used to stir up sympathy in Europe.</span></span></b></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi75LDT5kFcGIgQwAEHutW7_Az098ExkJzuH1APfPXDjEtdPLTCZJRNUKfJrasH0QPST6IshXZ-T2u20bvbFEvIbdm2DzJTi8rmw7YyENGsFmbrbs_b_ilZCTLaNHKb2dvIE2AOoZAWLEE/s1600/Diplomacy006a.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: em; margin-right: em;"><img border="0" height="630" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi75LDT5kFcGIgQwAEHutW7_Az098ExkJzuH1APfPXDjEtdPLTCZJRNUKfJrasH0QPST6IshXZ-T2u20bvbFEvIbdm2DzJTi8rmw7YyENGsFmbrbs_b_ilZCTLaNHKb2dvIE2AOoZAWLEE/s1600/Diplomacy006a.png" width="400" /></a></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgLY6N-thXnW14Xu7HNfihUv3tHvev_FXEibZhZ1TiqsNQGkIv4OcaCl7TyJui8va6PA2voRt2Jam-tjxvae8ROOodwNZtyUIarRjDwMRcFJmn58TyhGa5iYmn6kw8F3wbjfM-dEHHzxzw/s1600/Diplomacy006b.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: em; margin-right: em;"><img border="0" height="188" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgLY6N-thXnW14Xu7HNfihUv3tHvev_FXEibZhZ1TiqsNQGkIv4OcaCl7TyJui8va6PA2voRt2Jam-tjxvae8ROOodwNZtyUIarRjDwMRcFJmn58TyhGa5iYmn6kw8F3wbjfM-dEHHzxzw/s1600/Diplomacy006b.png" width="400" /></a></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Thessaloniki, February 14th, 1903</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<br /></div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">
</span></span><br />
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">[F.O.195/2156, ff.140<sup>r</sup>-142<sup>r</sup>, No.33].</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<br /></div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">
</span></span><br />
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Sir,</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<br /></div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">
</span></span><br />
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">In dealing with the alleged Turkish atrocities in
Djouma Bala, Melnik and Razlog, I have hitherto abstained from
expressing any opinion on them contenting myself with collating the
different sources of information at my disposal and remarking on the
discrepancies and other details which it would have been impossible for
anyone to grasp readily by merely reading the numerous papers on the
subject. I consider myself, however, in duty bound to state my own
personal view of the matter.</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<br /></div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">
</span></span><br />
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">That the publication of the atrocities alleged to
have taken place lately in Macedonia is a newspaper campaign with the
object of rousing Europe to intervene actively in favour of the
Bulgarians, is, I believe, denied by no one, not even by the interested
parties and, since the more public opinion is stirred the more chance
there is for the agitators' attainment of their ends, no pains are
spared in working up comparatively trifling incidents and opportune
rumours into really sensational stories while, as I pointed out in a
previous despatch, the principle that to make the world believe one fact
five must be stated is rigidly adhered to.</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<br /></div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">
</span></span><br />
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">In a word the Bulgarians are doing what others have
done before and what others will do after them in a struggle for
national emancipation and no more reproach attaches to them than to
their predecessors. No one can blame them for playing upon the emotions
of Europe, especially since their statements will be received with the
caution due to the utterances of one of two sides. But the case assumes a
different aspect when individuals supposed to be impartial critics, in
their desire to render a service to an oppressed race by the publication
of sensational articles, pick up all the rumours spread abroad, without
regard to the facts which they have neither the means nor the leisure
to ascertain and go even beyond those whom they aim at assisting without
taking into account the possible fatal effects of their line of action
on, if not all the Christian races of this part of Turkey, at least for
the greater part of them, Greeks, Vlachs, Servians.</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<br /></div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">
</span></span><br />
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">The Macedonian question (as a Jewish banker remarked
to me the other day) was raised on behalf of all the Christians
inhabiting that country -and ought in fairness to include the Moslems,
who have as much to put up with- but has gradually been allowed to
assume the complexion of a purely Bulgarian concern in no way affecting
the other Christians, who -and this is a fact not taken into
consideration in Europe- are at the present moment suffering infinitely
more from the action of the Committees than from that of the Turkish
authorities, on the population. Putting aside, then the atrocities which
are alleged by the Bulgarians and their friends to have been committed
it is, I think, a fair conclusion to arrive at, that the excesses which
the troops etc. and the Moslem villages committed in spite of the
earnest endeavours which their officers and the civil authorities
undoubtedly made to restrain them, were perhaps more serious than those
which would have occurred under the circumstances in Europe, but that
they were by no means as serious as they appear generally to have been
supposed to be.</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<br /></div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">
</span></span><br />
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Even admitting this, are the Turks to take their cue
from the atrocity mongers and, in order to avoid every semblance of
excess to abstain from measures calculated to repress revolution?
Evidently not, and I would, therefore, suggest that the military
attaches of the foreign powers should accompany the headquarters staff
on the frontier with the double object of acting as a restraint on the
Turks and of testifying to the truth, next time the latter have to act
against the Bulgarians, as may occur very shortly.</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<br /></div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">
</span></span><br />
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Biliottis</span></span></div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">7. Preparations for an insurrectional movement. The organisation of IMRO’s local committees.</span></span></b></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgdPVB_bgZyP3O0Scmvhztg2qc4AgT4SqwRdH6J9YDIPszt96H3boXoQEK3UnSb9Uf9gptdCfdlbVt9EjOR3FgBaFHDPFq86ALPwyyuMl0oHiDJmCfwBBMXQ7QIxuAioq-I9ghDLaUn8Ik/s1600/Diplomacy007a.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: em; margin-right: em;"><img border="0" height="648" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgdPVB_bgZyP3O0Scmvhztg2qc4AgT4SqwRdH6J9YDIPszt96H3boXoQEK3UnSb9Uf9gptdCfdlbVt9EjOR3FgBaFHDPFq86ALPwyyuMl0oHiDJmCfwBBMXQ7QIxuAioq-I9ghDLaUn8Ik/s1600/Diplomacy007a.png" width="400" /></a></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjp5GG32XL_zNY2fhERqRg-GIKJvem62VnXqtxWSQyedRI0PvO8f7OmyUpL0i059KgSzRQVs21iG4puW3bOVBQrhcf_dxsCO__ojKtxRi2LQHYSbphZYr4ZSH_jMK59C4xsYwLEzF5zYew/s1600/Diplomacy007b.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: em; margin-right: em;"><img border="0" height="650" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjp5GG32XL_zNY2fhERqRg-GIKJvem62VnXqtxWSQyedRI0PvO8f7OmyUpL0i059KgSzRQVs21iG4puW3bOVBQrhcf_dxsCO__ojKtxRi2LQHYSbphZYr4ZSH_jMK59C4xsYwLEzF5zYew/s1600/Diplomacy007b.png" width="400" /></a> </div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiV9lVyoZBRfwAnZXvCtVrwbOssMKfi8UUPQNdrV4hNLnFp8jjsGn8p-ldcAv-Pbw2pfvTa0C8u6puokVDcfRlA4ActIOCutP1mOAqxqdLd9IHKeXz3Kd2aJp4vCa-kXsMnYk118UXBw7U/s1600/Diplomacy007c.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: em; margin-right: em;"><img border="0" height="634" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiV9lVyoZBRfwAnZXvCtVrwbOssMKfi8UUPQNdrV4hNLnFp8jjsGn8p-ldcAv-Pbw2pfvTa0C8u6puokVDcfRlA4ActIOCutP1mOAqxqdLd9IHKeXz3Kd2aJp4vCa-kXsMnYk118UXBw7U/s1600/Diplomacy007c.png" width="400" /></a></div>
<br />
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Thessaloniki, February 21st, 1903</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">[HHStA PA XXXVIII/Konsulat Thessaloniki 1903, vol.407, No.7, strictly confidential].</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">...Was die bulgarische Agitation anbelangt, kann ich
meine im vorjaehrigen Berichte ausgesprochenen Behauptungen nur
vollinhaltlich aufrechthalten, naemlich dass die hierlaendische
macedono-bulgarische Dorfbewohnerschaft keineswegs aus eigener
Initiative umsturzluestern und von hochfliegenden politischen Idealen
beseelt und hingerissen ist, sondern von Connationalen und
Stammesbruedern aus dem Fuerstentume herueber nur mit grosser
muehevoller Beharrlichkeit und mit Terrorismus schwer genug aufgewiegelt
und enrolirt wird. Das soll ja der im Oktober vor. Js. als Fuehrer von
Banden vielgenannte "Oberst Jankov" in einem unlaengst in Sophia
gehaltenen Vortrage selbst bestaetigt haben.</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Die Organisation der Banden-Wirtschaft aber hat
allerdings seither nicht unwichtige Fortschritte gemacht, und ist
dementsprechend gefaehrlicher, jedoch auch fuer Repressivmassregeln
unfassbarer geworden. Aus verschiedenartigen Nachrichten und Anzeichen
ist zu entnehmen, dass die frueheren, der Mehrzahl ihrer Theilnehmer
nach aus Bulgarien ueber die Grenze gekommenen Banden nicht mehr ebenso
geschlossen beisammen blieben, sondern sich in die Ortschaften mehr und
mehr vertheilt haben, indem die Mitglieder als Agitatoren und Chefs fuer
die in den Ortschaften selbst dem Geheimbund angegliederten
Localcomite's, welche nur wenige Mann ausuebender Anhaenger zaehlen
(etwa 8-20 und mehr), fungiren. Diese Localcomite's stehen untereinander
wahrscheinlich districtweise in Verbindung, halten haeufig naechtliche
Zusammenkuenfte und bewaffnete Exercitien ab, und entziehen sich jeder
Nachforschung oder Ueberraschung dadurch, dass sie bei Tage ihren
gewoehnlichen Beschaeftigungen nachgehen. Ihr Zusammenhalten und die
Wahrung des heimlichen Treibens ist lediglich nur das Resultat des
systematisch von den wie frueher ambulanten Banden ausgeuebten
Terrorismus, deren unbekannte, aber diesseits jedenfalls unter den
exarchistischen Bischoefen, Geistlichen, Lehrern u.s.w. zu suchende
Mandanten einen regelrechten Polizeiorganismus eingerichtet haben, und
mit furchtbarem Ernst die jeweils verhaengten Strafen durchfuehren zu
lassen verstehen. Man sagt mir, dass ein Uebermass im Genuss von
geistigen Getraenken, welches dem Betreffenden die Zunge loesen koennte,
beim ersten Betretungsfalle mit einer Anzahl von Hieben bestraft wird;
im Wiederholungsfalle ist der Verwarnte schon dem sicheren Tode geweiht.
Ueberhaupt wird jeder Fall von Verrat, sei es durch Anzeige an die
Behoerden, oder sonstwie, er moege von wem immer begangen worden sein,
unnachsichtlich mit dem Tode geahndet, und diess erklaert einerseits die
sich wieder haeufenden Faelle von mysterioesen Morden an Mitbewohnern,
andererseits die Hehlerschaft der an dem Geheimbunde Nicht-Betheiligten,
wozu sogar nunmehr selbst die im Lande begueterten tuerkischen Bey's
und sonstigen Tschiftlykbesitzer gezwungen sein sollen. Der herrschende
Zustand erinnert durchaus an die beruechtigte "Maffia", und wie es den
Anschein hat, ist dieses System in weit reichender Entwicklung im Innern
des Landes, nun auch schon bis nahe an Salonich gediehen. Durchaus
zutreffend wendete mir gegenueber der Generalgouverneur wiederholt
diesbezueglich das kernige tuerkische Wort an: "guenduez kuelahlue,
getsche silahlue", um die Schwierigkeit der Ausforschung zu
kennzeichnen, was wegen des Wortspieles in "kuelah" nur unzulaenglich
uebersetzt lauten wuerde: "bei Tage mit unauffaelliger Kopfbedeckung,
bei Nacht zu unheimlicher That bewaffnet".</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Nur ganz kurz moegen an dieser Stelle die am
haeufigsten angewendeten Mittel skizzirt sein, mit welchen die
ambulanten Banden die Theilnahme der laendlichen Bewohnerschaft
erpressen, gleichviel ob sie sich zum Patriarchismus oder Exarchismus
bekennt. In die Doerfer kommen mehr oder minder zahlreiche Organe von
bereits bestehenden Comite's und lassen, nachdem die Gemueter durch
Ueberredung, meist jedoch durch fuerchterliche Drohungen mit Ermordung,
Einaescherung u.s.w. fuer das politische Ideal der Befreiung Macedoniens
genuegend vorbereitet sind, die Bauern ganz theatralisch die Hand auf
ein schwarzes Kreuz und einen Revolver legen und schwoeren, dass sie am
naechsten Aufstande Theil nehmen werden. Hie und da wird ihnen sogar
gesagt, dass es "dem Comite" gleichgiltig bleibe, ob sie sich auch
fernerhin zum Patriarchismus bekennen wollen oder nicht, viel haeufiger
jedoch geht damit auch der Zwang Hand in Hand, sich zum Exarchismus zu
bekennen. Diese Propaganda ist bereits soweit vorgeschritten, dass die
bisherigen Patriarchisten von Gumendsche, Gevgelue, Jenidsche-Vardar bis
nach Vodena und Karaferia derart eingeschuechtert sind, dass sie ueber
derlei Vorkommnisse selbst den patriarchistischen Bischoefen und dem
hiesigen griechischen Generalconsul auf Befragen keine aufrichtige
Antwort mehr geben, und sichtlich aus Furcht vor Racheakten wegen Verrat
ausweichend angeben, sie haetten sich nicht zu beklagen und seien ganz
zufrieden. Trotzdem ist es notorisch, dass sie nur unter moralischem
Zwange aussagen, und desshalb befuerchten die eben genannten kirchlichen
Funktionaere den successive fortschreitenden Abfall vom Patriarchismus,
wodurch die thatsaechlichen Nationalitaetsziffern total entstellt zu
werden drohen, da ja heirzulande mit dem Konfessionswechsel stets die
Entnationalisirung parallel geht.</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Ferner werden sodann den Bauern Contributionen
auferlegt; naemlich Mehl u. gesalzenes Fleisch muss in die Gebirge
gebracht und dort verborgen werden, da damit beim naechsten Aufstande
die Approvisionirung vorbereitet wird; ebenso werden die Bauern
gezwungen, dem Comite per Kopf und Monat je einen Piaster Abgabe zu
entrichten; diese Contributionen werden durch den oben erwaehnten
Polizeiorganismus strenge eingetrieben, und die Bauern muessen sich
fuegen, ob Exarchisten oder Patriarchisten, denn jede Auflehnung wird
frueher oder spaeter geraecht. So ist es denn begreiflich, dass die
Propaganda thatsaechlich fortgeschritten ist, keineswegs aber durch
allgemein freiwilliges Anschliessen der hiesigen bulgarischen
Bevoelkerung.</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">...Meine Aufgabe kann es natuerlich nicht sein mich
darueber auszusprechen, welches Mass von Verantwortlichkeit die
fuerstlich bulgarische Regierung fuer die Fortentwicklung des von der
Tagesordnung wahrscheinlich ueberhaupt nicht mehr abzusetzenden
Problemes treffen muss. Aber ich halte es fuer meine Pflicht an dieser
Stelle die Thaetigkeit und Haltung der "bulgarischen Handelsagenten" in
Salonich, Serres und Monastir zu beleuchten. Hier herrscht in allen
Kreisen, welche nicht mit den bulgarischen Machinationen sympathisiren,
sondern die Lage unparteiischen Blickes zu pruefen im Stande sind, nur
die Eine Ueberzeugung, dass die "bulgarischen Handelsagenten" die
ruehrigsten Emissaerdienste im Interesse der bulgarischen Comite's
bethaetigen, also unter dem Schutze und Deckmantel amtlicher Autoritaet,
-denn beim Volke gelten sie als' Consulate- die Angelpunkte des
Verkehres der Comite's untereinander und offenbar auch mit der
fuerstlich bulgarischen Regierung sind. An ihrer Spitze steht der Agent
in Salonich, Herr Schopoff, welcher den gegenwaertigen Agenten in
Monastir, Herrn Koluscheff frueher als langjaehrigen "Secretaer"
herangebildet hat; der fruehere Agent in Monastir, Herr Stoeff, hatte
sich noch nicht als genuegend tuechtig und zu wenig schneidig erwiesen,
darum wurde er vor kurzer Zeit hieher, im Austausch mit Koluscheff, als
"Secretaer" berufen; in Serres fungirt als "Agent" Herr Jurukow, welcher
seit der vorjaehrigen Affaire trotz des anfangs kraeftigen Auftretens
der tuerkischen Regierungsorgane in Amt und Wuerde wieder eingesetzt
wurde.</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Von diesem letzteren ruehrt ein Ausspurch her, (dem
serbischen Generalconsul gegenueber vertraulich gemacht, als ihn dieser
nach den Verhaeltnissen in Serres befragte), welcher die Situation
allerdings frappant zeichnet, und uebersetzt lauten wuerde: "die Tuerken
haben den Tag, wir aber die Nacht; den Tuerken lassen wir das Thal, uns
bleiben die Berge."</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Alle diese "Handelsagenten" betreiben sichtlich rein
nur politische Agitation; sie dirigiren und redigiren die Beschwerden,
welche dem Vali von bestellten Delegirten, sowie anonym in Abschrift bei
den hiesigen ConsularVertretungen am Thor abgegeben werden. Allerdings
machen sie, insbesondere Herr Schopoff, dieses Alles mit so grosser
Geschicklichkeit, dass es unmoeglich waere, gegen sie behufs formeller
Anklage sachliche Nachweise zu erbringen. Aber dass seit ihrem
Auftauchen im Jahre 1897-1898, resp. ihrer Zulassung durch die
tuerkische Regierung, die hierlaendischen Agitationen in zielbewusste
Bahnen gelenkt wurden, ist mir selbst von meinem frueheren russischen
Collegen, dem vom Dienste zurueckgetretenen Generalconsul Ilarionow,
wiederholt bestaetigt worden. Man geht mit der Annahme sicherlich nicht
zu weit, dass ein grosser Theil der falschen und uebertriebenen
Informationen, welche in die europaeische Presse uebergehen, auf die
Informationen Herrn Schopoff's zurueckzufuehren sein mag.</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Die Beleuchtung des Treibens dieser Herren erscheint
mir insbesondere desshalb wichtig, weil offenkundig einige der hiesigen
fremden Vertreter, namentlich der franzoesische Consul, Herr L. Steeg,
sowie unter anderen Franzosen, welche an Journale Correspondenzen
vermitteln, der Lehrer Mothu, betreffs ihrer Informationen in eine
gewisse Abhaengigkeit vom bulgarischen Vertreter gekommen sind, welche
in den hiesigen tuerkischen Kreisen sehr wol bekannt ist, besonders seit
Erscheinen der Artikel im "Matin", "Temps", u.s.w. nebst Auszuegen aus
dem "Livre jaune", die hier natuerlich beharrlich confiscirt werden. Als
Curiosum moege auch Erwaehnung finden, dass die Reformvorschlaege,
welche Herr Steeg in einem Berichte aufgezaehlt haben soll, textlich
einem Operate des grossbritannischen Generalconsuls, Sir A. Biliotti,
entlehnt sind. Biliotti hatte sich ebenfalls erst seit einigen Monaten
davon ueberzeugt, dass die Informationen Schopoff's einer ganz
energischen Censur beduerfen, seitdem er selbst Delegierte der
beschwerdefuehrenden Ortschaften des Kaza's Strumnica u.a., welche ihm
von Schopoff zugeschickt worden waren, persoenlich ausgefragt hat, u.z.
unter Zuziehung eines Arztes, welcher die angeblichen Wunden als
Contusionen und Folgespuren von Pruegeleien nicht mehr erkannt hatte.
-Ferner hat man tuerkischer Seits allen Grund, den im vorigen Juli
erfolgten Wechsel in der Leitung des russischen Generalconsulates zu
bedauern, da der neue Titulaer, A. de Giers, einer bedeutend weniger
unparteiischen Haltung sich befleisst, als sein Vorgaenger.</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Hickel</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<br /></div>
<div class="normal" style="text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">8. The committees are inciting local people to revolutionary action.</span></span></b></div>
<div class="normal">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhPR5iP88glqL0Sor3zROhQlzX7Vxnj2agUZ_EKevcgfx-Iy4mYjknKqcY0yLEUbuPHVDB_QR1kmOSZCZj5APi7iS_Zr5iRKkvwf8AK-m5e0ygWSx6Hbo0GJ-_qFahbUMuzVF1D3-dPBRM/s1600/Diplomacy008.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: em; margin-right: em;"><img border="0" height="303" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhPR5iP88glqL0Sor3zROhQlzX7Vxnj2agUZ_EKevcgfx-Iy4mYjknKqcY0yLEUbuPHVDB_QR1kmOSZCZj5APi7iS_Zr5iRKkvwf8AK-m5e0ygWSx6Hbo0GJ-_qFahbUMuzVF1D3-dPBRM/s1600/Diplomacy008.png" width="400" /></a></div>
<div class="normal">
<br />
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Thessaloniki, February 24th, 1903</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">[F.O.195/2156, ff.146<sup>r</sup>-146<sup>v</sup>, No.43].</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Sir,</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Mr. Acting Vice Consul Theodorides reports that the
inhabitants of the large village of Vrondou and of other villages of the
Caza of Serres are being threatened and cajoled by Bulgarian bands into
leaving their homes for the mountains, and that several families have
already left for fear of emergencies and gone South, not North as the
bands would wish.</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">News of a similar nature has reached Mr. Theodorides
concerning other parts of the Mutessariflik and he is of opinion that
serious events may be expected shortly, especially as the authorities
are taking no administrative measures but rely solely on their military
forces.</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Biliottis</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<br /></div>
<div class="normal" style="text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">9. An insurrectional movement is predicted for the spring. Appraisal of the armed band’s activities.</span></span></b></div>
<div class="normal">
<br /></div>
<div class="normal">
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgz08Zt9iLy1ZDk6arSAWr3SNWqrhcu6rb1gvg7YpfOFPTdKiEnUITdpDWkPH3XkrIWkdj3KMEBY2tXHACj86lAWUAJ8uNDWjye2tJHKf4Iw_AGk7YouKzhAk05QsQn4naTzeBru_3r3nI/s1600/Diplomacy009a.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: em; margin-right: em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgz08Zt9iLy1ZDk6arSAWr3SNWqrhcu6rb1gvg7YpfOFPTdKiEnUITdpDWkPH3XkrIWkdj3KMEBY2tXHACj86lAWUAJ8uNDWjye2tJHKf4Iw_AGk7YouKzhAk05QsQn4naTzeBru_3r3nI/s1600/Diplomacy009a.png" width="400" /></a> </div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjzm5jVJO3uIKM7AurfqLNYjsq-ZirDMAgmGdIy-qltEVNNDPyMAa-0EcwWfZzrdbWTZLmhD7L31HaxQDGYI78HOfaphl0wvfJbxeM0V03Bgab5oRIgkPBczay7Vzf4e9bHxQM1Z1M0QdE/s1600/Diplomacy009b.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: em; margin-right: em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjzm5jVJO3uIKM7AurfqLNYjsq-ZirDMAgmGdIy-qltEVNNDPyMAa-0EcwWfZzrdbWTZLmhD7L31HaxQDGYI78HOfaphl0wvfJbxeM0V03Bgab5oRIgkPBczay7Vzf4e9bHxQM1Z1M0QdE/s1600/Diplomacy009b.png" width="400" /></a></div>
<br />
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Thessaloniki, February 25th, 1903</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">[F.O.195/2156, ff.178<sup>r</sup>-180<sup>r</sup>, No.44].</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Sir,</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">There is very little doubt, that an insurrectional
movement of some sort against the Government will take place this spring
in Macedonia and the only question then is how far the movement will
spread and what importance will it assume.</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">As things are now, that is with the bands already
existing here and those crossing the frontier against the real wish of
Bulgaria, and meeting with a more or less cordial reception from part of
the Exarchists in Macedonia it seems hardly likely that the rising can
become general.</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">It is more than doubtful whether the bands will
induce any great percentage of the population to take up arms willingly
or unwillingly in their favour.</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Although, besides the encounters which may be
expected to occur along the frontier, where the population has been
exasperated by the illtreatment it suffered recently during the Turkish
search for arms, and which small parties of armed men may cross in spite
of the utmost endeavours on both sides to prevent them, a more
determined effort against the Government may be made in some inland
centres, such as those of Stroumnitza and Kilkish in this Vilayet and in
some Cazas of the Vilayet of Monastir, yet the bands, well-organized and
numerous as they are, cannot exert the pressure on the peasantry as a
whole necessary to force it to rise with them, for the latter would
require some assurance of subsequent protection from retribution on the
part of the Government, an assurance which can only come from without.
The movement in the other parts of these Vilayets and in that of Uskub
will in all probability be limited to individual and spasmodic efforts.</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">The new tactic which I hear the bands are about to
employ with regard to inland districts where flight to the mountains is
difficult namely that of scouring the villages and forcing all the
able-bodied men, whether Bulgarians, Greeks, Servians or Vlachs, to
follow them will add to their numbers, but they will be leading a host
of unwilling victims to the slaughter -which will however, have the
great advantage of giving the movement the semblance in the eyes of
Europe of an uprising of the Christian population against the
Government.</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">One thing is certain: the larger the band, the less
mobile and the more easy to exterminate will it be, whereas guerillas
would keep the country in unrest and be very difficult to cope with.</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">The real danger in my humble opinion is that the
Committees may organize a series of incidents, murder etc. to take place
simultaneously throughout the whole of the three vilayets, not
excepting but rather especially in the capitals and larger towns, with a
view to showing that the country is a prey to anarchy and with the
object of provoking a panic with its usual disastrous results.</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">I had the opportunity of witnessing panics in Crete
and nobody who has not seen one can imagine, how little it takes to
raise one, how much to allay it (if allayed it can be) , and what
far-reaching consequences it can have.</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">I thought it my duty to warn the Vali of this
possibility in order that he may not be taken unaware, and I have since
been confirmed in my expectation by the news given me today, that among a
number of plans devised for creating a panic, it is arranged that the
Bulgarians of some neighbouring farms shall in case a foreign warship
appears in the harbour, rush down shouting wildly that massacres have
begun in the interior. This together with the murder of a handful of
peasants would produce a very appreciable panic.</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">I do not wish to prophesy, but I thought it right to let you know the course into which events may drift.</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Biliottis</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<br /></div>
<div class="normal" style="text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">10. The activities of Bulgarian diplomatic officials as agents in Macedonia.</span></span></b></div>
<div class="normal">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgRTKiuzPLZQTMrBtnXjHjA_zcKgFVxBrGa8pWwAv_SGz5HXqEJ8-CmqWcwnE-1eBktcRqlysnOVY8HiIhIEaSmXCRikLgkgEyDw1pbcVsfmJOIQugrs-IpzYAkAqCFfk4c94mf4AdHK-s/s1600/Diplomacy010a.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: em; margin-right: em;"><img border="0" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgRTKiuzPLZQTMrBtnXjHjA_zcKgFVxBrGa8pWwAv_SGz5HXqEJ8-CmqWcwnE-1eBktcRqlysnOVY8HiIhIEaSmXCRikLgkgEyDw1pbcVsfmJOIQugrs-IpzYAkAqCFfk4c94mf4AdHK-s/s1600/Diplomacy010a.png" width="400" /></a></div>
<div class="normal">
</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjzSSRMIy1RMw2dZcYUdQB31N4WOS6zjSwzS0s39dPlhZhFV30ygZcQzHcEe46_MSNdvLHtclTkAcnmu-tmaO1Mt6uqm4tJJCQeuUPgnyernqMzATAMYGIAvehMwt0yQvoUOZuc8Y7Rmd8/s1600/Diplomacy010b.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: em; margin-right: em;"><img border="0" height="192" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjzSSRMIy1RMw2dZcYUdQB31N4WOS6zjSwzS0s39dPlhZhFV30ygZcQzHcEe46_MSNdvLHtclTkAcnmu-tmaO1Mt6uqm4tJJCQeuUPgnyernqMzATAMYGIAvehMwt0yQvoUOZuc8Y7Rmd8/s1600/Diplomacy010b.png" width="400" /></a></div>
</div>
<div class="normal">
</div>
</div>
<br />
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Thessaloniki, March 9th, 1903</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">[F.O.195/2156, ff.215<sup>v</sup>-216<sup>r</sup>, 217<sup>r</sup>-219<sup>r</sup>, No.53].</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">...Mr. Pissurica has, ever since the transfer of the
British Vice Consulate from Monastir to Uskub, reported freely and with
what I consider commendable impartiality on current events in the
Vilayet of Monastir, as he would not have dared to do had he not felt
himself completely assured against attacks by his position as a British
Dragoman -in which capacity he has acted in reality though not in name
as a Vice Consul or Consular Agent.</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">But the bands have grown so bold owing to the abject
terror into which they have succeeded in plunging the populations of
Macedonia, that they now actually dare to turn their attention to
Consular officials who have in execution of their duty reported facts,
damaging to the Committees, as they really were -without favour or
prejudicewhich Mr. Pissurica has fear as his reports on misdeeds by
Moslems and Bulgarians alike show.</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">...In my despatch No. 6 Confidential of February 4,
1900, of which I enclose a copy, and No. 18 Confidential of February 24,
of which I enclose extracts -to which I would particularly refer Your
Excellency- I gave a sketch of the condition, in which Macedonia was at
that moment, and of the work done by the so called Commercial Agents of
Bulgaria, adding a forecast of what the situation would develop into in
this and the neighbouring vilayets, if no means were taken to check the
system of terrorism, which had already been inaugurated by the Bulgarian
bands and which was causing a state of insecurity of which even the
Moslems were complaining.</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">The Russian Ambassador's scathing criticism of these
Commercial Agents, as reported by Your Excellency a year later in your
despatch of February 23, 1901, is a strong corroboration of the
statements contained in my reports, and I would draw your Excellency's
attention to the striking coincidence between what I said in the former
concerning the Bulgarian Secretary, Mr. Koloucheff, and the fact that
Mr. Pissurica is threatened a month or two after Mr. Koloucheff is
appointed Bulgarian agent at Monastir.</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">I stand by every word I wrote three years ago
concerning the complicity of the Bulgarian Commercial Agents in
Macedonia in the doings of the Committees -a complicity which if it has
altered at all has altered only in the sense of affording yet greater
encouragement to the bands, and it therefore lies with Your Excellency
to decide whether rendering the Bulgarian Government and its agents
responsible for the safety of Mr. Pissurica, and other British officials
who may incur the displeasure of the Committees will tend to their
greater security. It is quite beyond my power to make any suggestion as
to any efficacious means of protecting Mr. Pissurica against the
execution of the threat conveyed to him by Daniel Rizoff other than his
removal from Macedonia.</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">In any case since, as I understand, Mr. McGregor has
been appointed Vice Consul at Monastir and is about to proceed to his
post, I would beg Your Excellency, before he does so, to instruct him as
to the protection he should give or cause to be given to Mr. Pissurica.
But I have little doubt that any measure directed against an individual
Komitaji or a band would only accelerate the carrying out of the threat
made against him.</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Now that the bands have begun intimidating those who
are bold enough to report against them, I fear that Mr. Theodorides,
acting (and unpaid) Vice Consul at Serres, who has done his duty with as
much energy, impartiality and ability as Mr. Pissurica, may be the next
official to attract their attention, or that of the Commercial Agents
or of whoever may be their directing genious. And my anxiety is based on
the fact that, ever since the lowering of the Bulgarian flag etc. at
Serres, Mr. Theodorides has been an object of special aversion to Mr.
Schopoff, who (as I reported in my despatch No. 130 of August 2, 1902),
bears him a grudge founded on idle gossip and street scandal. Mr.
Schopoff has of late been indulging again in bitter and intemperate
remarks against Mr. Theodorides for statements published lately in the
Blue Book.</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Nor in my opinion will Mr. Theodorides be the last
of native Consular Servants to be threatened, unless some very energetic
steps are taken not only to protect Mr. Pissurica, but also to stop
Bulgarian Commercial Agents from criticizing them in a manner likely
(this not intended) to provoke the hostility of the Committees against
them.</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">I cannot abstain, before ending this despatch, from
pointing out how exactly events have turned out as I anticipated in my
despatches of February 6 and 24, 1900 how the bands have since then
rendered life in the three Vilayets impossible to the inhabitants and
how they are beginning now to attempt to make it so for Consuls, who do
not abstain from reporting Bulgarian intrigues etc. as they see them to
be.</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Biliottis</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<br /></div>
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgASsSnYxdrU6nclGEb10gRVU5jZj-JdnknC2u6_FRxz40C5sO8o27zZQaVNt8JnMmQnNoRsW70I_OH1knJ9g0GtN9HsctvFLBFQGfs2qF_3Zm6QHU73pJukoqbd3vuTl7UDiN0hkZjKMM/s1600/Diplomacy010+.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: em; margin-right: em;"><img border="0" height="630" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgASsSnYxdrU6nclGEb10gRVU5jZj-JdnknC2u6_FRxz40C5sO8o27zZQaVNt8JnMmQnNoRsW70I_OH1knJ9g0GtN9HsctvFLBFQGfs2qF_3Zm6QHU73pJukoqbd3vuTl7UDiN0hkZjKMM/s1600/Diplomacy010+.png" width="370" /></a></div>
</blockquote>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">To be continued...</span></span></div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1156540616762400209.post-41372092889921223412013-09-13T06:14:00.000-07:002013-09-13T06:14:21.685-07:00The Events of 1903 in Macedonia 1<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">The Events of 1903 in Macedonia; as Presented in European Diplomatic Correspondence (1) </span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Introduced by Basil C. Gounaris</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Edited and Annotated by Angelos A. Chotzidis, Basil C. Gounaris, Anna A. Panayotopoulou</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">IMMA (Thessaloniki), 1993</span></span><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjyCLTAvXZ8TllOq4QzQrGJD5SI7W2qDe1OKVb9XRNI35X0xIQ3ZQavZtHvuijBaXWCGvmezcsV2fVzRFw6o8pLWn6QCkpR89ITAbrgoXQnzwsaBQ0qRgfeFOPwbOEtzBPattm3gTygm5I/s1600/1855.800.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: em; margin-right: em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjyCLTAvXZ8TllOq4QzQrGJD5SI7W2qDe1OKVb9XRNI35X0xIQ3ZQavZtHvuijBaXWCGvmezcsV2fVzRFw6o8pLWn6QCkpR89ITAbrgoXQnzwsaBQ0qRgfeFOPwbOEtzBPattm3gTygm5I/s1600/1855.800.jpg" height="540" width="400" /></a></div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><b> </b></span></span><br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><b>1. The Exarchate’s attitude to the planned uprising</b></span></span></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgk5WU8GMCUvcIFfId1d7BPXPcNl0d9k9sqJKGb6Kr5kGTT1BZuiorFuzmjC91rbNvCJqpPyM0IBzncDr2WxCv6TZMY7f46HSsuKt4xpB5JnigErFyxux29GmgNEB6AdEjZZyfl-R_sVHk/s1600/Diplomacy001.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: em; margin-right: em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgk5WU8GMCUvcIFfId1d7BPXPcNl0d9k9sqJKGb6Kr5kGTT1BZuiorFuzmjC91rbNvCJqpPyM0IBzncDr2WxCv6TZMY7f46HSsuKt4xpB5JnigErFyxux29GmgNEB6AdEjZZyfl-R_sVHk/s1600/Diplomacy001.png" height="457" width="400" /></a></div>
<br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Peran, January 8th, 1903</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">[AMAE/NS Turquie-Macedoine, vol.30, ff.23r-25r, No.4].</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Monsieur le Ministre,</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Dans une depeche adressee le 2 Janvier a Votre Excellence et dont il a communique le duplicata a l'Ambassade notre Consul a Salonique dit que, d'apres ses renseignements, les comites macedoniens auraient resolu de tenter au mois de Mars prochain le soulevement general du pays. Monsieur Steeg, prevoit que, meme si les comitadjis echouaient dans ce plan d'ensemble les troubles locaux , qu' ils reussiraient a causer, compteraient beaucoup plus d'adherents que ceux de l'an dernier et seraient incomparablement plus graves.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Les quelques indices que l'Ambassade a pu recueillir, concordent avec ces previsions de Mr.Steeg. Je puis notamment signaler a Votre Excellence le langage que m'a tenu l'Exarque bulgare quand il est venu me faire visite a l'occasion du jour de l'an. Deja le 4 Novembre, dans ma depeche No.195, j'avais pu indiquer qu'un certain revirement s'etait produit dans les idees de Mr. Joseph; cette foisci, j'ai constate que l'evolution etait complete; aussi bien, lui meme, a pris soin de me le dire... "Jusqu'a maintenant j'avais invariablement soutenu que le seul moyen raisonable et pratique pour aider a la realisation des aspirations bulgares etait la formation de la jeunesse et la propagation de nos sentiments par l'ecole et j'avais toujours condamne, comme insensees, toutes les moindres velleites d'insurrection. Aujourd' hui, je crois que le moment de l'action est venu et que la prudence doit faire place a l'hardiesse. Et l'exarque me laissa assez clairement entendre qu'il appelait de tous ses voeux l'insurrection.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Bien entendu, en public Mr. Joseph tient un tout autre langage et il recommande le calme et la soumission au sultan. J'ai [dans ma depeche no 215 du 29 Novembre] fait incidement allusion a une evengelique qu'il venait d'adresser dans ce sens a son clerge. Mais il est certain maintenant que le mot d'ordre donne en cachette par ce prelat est tout different. Or, en pays d'Orient une inspiration politique venant du chef d'une eglise a sur tous ses coreligionnaires une influence determinante. Si donc d'ici au printemps pour un motif quelconque qui n' existe pas aujourd' hui, une direction opposee ne leur a pas ete donnee par Mr. Joseph, il faut s'attendre a voir tous les tenants de l'Exarchat en Macedoine se lancer unanimement dans l'insurrection.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Constans</span></span><br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><b>2. Preparations for the uprising. The role of the Bulgarian commercial agent in Monastir.</b></span></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiD_CSpRpRXe3j7tovrsn8s0vo4G8IFNUQOhCmuPNJhR-KIo_oSig0gMhXz1u3ofRPpCjIE_51GUalD_I4KYKW74P3Lqf3XJ6WtYZRYqvl8JxEJDN9xHqypo7h_n-gBxVLqVg4UpljCI6w/s1600/Diplomacy002.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: em; margin-right: em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiD_CSpRpRXe3j7tovrsn8s0vo4G8IFNUQOhCmuPNJhR-KIo_oSig0gMhXz1u3ofRPpCjIE_51GUalD_I4KYKW74P3Lqf3XJ6WtYZRYqvl8JxEJDN9xHqypo7h_n-gBxVLqVg4UpljCI6w/s1600/Diplomacy002.png" height="608" width="400" /></a></div>
<br />
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Monastir, January 10th, 1903</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">[HHStA PA XXXVIII/Konsulat Monastir 1903, vol.392, No.1].</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Hochgeborener Graf</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Am 5. l. Mts. ist in der Leitung der hiesigen, bulgarischen Handels-Agentie ein Wechsel eingetreten.</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Der bisherige Agent, Herr P. Mikhailoff, welcher in
dieser Eigenschaft seit 2. November 1898 thaetig war, ist abberufen und
in den Ruhestand versetzt worden.</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Mit seiner Nachfolge -vorderhand als Gerent der
Agentie- wurde der fruehere Secretaer der bulgarischen
Handels-Vertretung in Salonich, Dr. H. Koluscheff betraut.</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Ueber diesen aeusserst schlauen Mann, der unter dem
Deckmantel der Humanitaet und politischen Gleichgueltigkeit wohl auch
hier die bulgarische Insurections-Bewegung -wenn nicht leiten- so doch
nach Moeglichkeit unterstuetzen duerfte, hatte ich, waehrend meiner
Gerenz in Salonich des Oeftern zu berichten die Ehre.</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Ich gestatte mir, hier auch eine Beobachtung in
Erinnerung zu bringen, die Herr General-Consul Hickel anzustellen und
anzuberichten Gelegegenheit hatte.</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">"So oft Herr Koluscheff im Consular-Bezirke Reisen
unternommen hatte, wurden, kurz darauf in den von ihm besuchten
Ortschaften politische Morde veruebt."</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Dass die Thaetigkeit des neuen "Handels" - Agenten
nicht zur Beruhigung der hiesigen bulgarophilen Slaven beitragen wird,
darf wohl mit ziemlicher Sicherheit vorausgesagt werden.</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Die Ernennung Koluscheff's soll, wie ich aus
sicherer Quelle erfahre, auf directen Befehl S. H. des Fuersten von
Bulgarien erfolgt sein.</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Waehrend des verflossenen Herbstes hat Fuerst Ferdinand, Koluscheff des Oeftern zu Sich befohlen und ihn ausgezeichnet.</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Das besondere Wohlgefallen Seiner Hoheit soll unter anderem folgende scherzhafte Bemerkung Koluscheffs hervorgerufen haben:</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">"Der Sultan moege Ferdinand Bey, den Vali von
Bulgarien, rasch auch zum Vali von Macedonien bestellen -dann werde
daselbst sofort Frieden herrschen."</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Stepski</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<br /></div>
<div class="normal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><b>3. Patriarchists are intimidated by the committees (central Macedonia). Preparations for the uprising.</b></span></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjZKk2EtIkLbXxn-ZsmDBExOJq0BKj67f8lCNAmgmGs-_zTkpEqzJUaAIDAWJSiJR5wjl-FAnL0c1qkjW556KGIT5onrNQjZ4XGTY3yfWr0vqGrAjskG8BUGwviiunga-OUnkVA5aVTyzg/s1600/Diplomacy003a.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: em; margin-right: em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjZKk2EtIkLbXxn-ZsmDBExOJq0BKj67f8lCNAmgmGs-_zTkpEqzJUaAIDAWJSiJR5wjl-FAnL0c1qkjW556KGIT5onrNQjZ4XGTY3yfWr0vqGrAjskG8BUGwviiunga-OUnkVA5aVTyzg/s1600/Diplomacy003a.png" height="640" width="400" /></a></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiPQ5ytoKDEx6qVgwToCXGeL2c30QJFTrtprF-DYezXPVV5zoCBcn-fdP_o_QmvDCgRr6yGLU_0ecEndhOjgXPLYZzXPIVKGTNinsKSOu_wJm6_kDMxDpUuuWQ4DfKZ1ZXU0r1gawbHVTw/s1600/Diplomacy003b.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: em; margin-right: em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiPQ5ytoKDEx6qVgwToCXGeL2c30QJFTrtprF-DYezXPVV5zoCBcn-fdP_o_QmvDCgRr6yGLU_0ecEndhOjgXPLYZzXPIVKGTNinsKSOu_wJm6_kDMxDpUuuWQ4DfKZ1ZXU0r1gawbHVTw/s1600/Diplomacy003b.png" height="632" width="400" /></a></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhoB24-MECID8EMdnSo3XkW1-ok8CcFLDDUEgviNmSkcbc5ec46Ahikn3v8uV_dQ5-Ea3ruDi1WbwcRugRlB8Pm6OvDrU68lWDCMKGh1eXH511u9LeAt1eKwLqTnVBoQ9bgJQcCK3_Cxik/s1600/Diplomacy003c.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: em; margin-right: em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhoB24-MECID8EMdnSo3XkW1-ok8CcFLDDUEgviNmSkcbc5ec46Ahikn3v8uV_dQ5-Ea3ruDi1WbwcRugRlB8Pm6OvDrU68lWDCMKGh1eXH511u9LeAt1eKwLqTnVBoQ9bgJQcCK3_Cxik/s1600/Diplomacy003c.png" height="228" width="400" /></a></div>
<div class="normal">
<br />
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Thessaloniki, January 26th, 1903</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">[F.O.195/2156, ff.76<sup>r</sup>-80<sup>v</sup>, No.20].</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Sir,</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Two years ago some Greco-Vlachs, i.e. Wallachians
who are educated exclusively in Greek schools and embued with Greek
ideas, who in some parts speak nothing but Greek, and form, in the
Vilayet of Monastir the bulk of the Macedonian Greek population,
requested the permission of the Patriarchate to use the Roumanian
language in their churches. The Patriarchate refused but the Exarchate
acceded to the request, and this false step on the party of the former
caused the first split in the Greco-Vlach party by inducing a number of
Greco-Vlachs to throw in their lot with the Exarchate.</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">These new converts were, as is usually the case,
more fervent than the Exarchists themselves and bashed by the
Committees' bands resorted to intimidation and murder to coarse their
compatriots who had remained faithful to the Patriarchate to join them.</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">One of the first Greco-Vlach villages affected was
Oshin in the Caza of Ghevgheli, at the instigation of the Exarchist
inhabitants of which two of the most influential Patriarchists were
murdered in August last by a Bulgarian band under a certain Giovanni or
Yovanoff of Ghevgheli. About three months ago, as I mentioned in my
report No. 198 of November 9, 1902, he called at Oshin with his band and
that of another leader, Arghiri, turned out at the Greek schoolmasters,
appointed Roumanians (non-Bulgarian-speaking) and tried to induce the
Orthodox priests to turn Exarchists, but failing in this they insisted
on their reading the liturgy in Roumanian. On the priests' pleading
ignorance of the language Yovanoff gave them six months to learn it.</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Since their other chiefs have joined Yovanoff and
Arghiri, viz. Pavlo, who died lately, Athanassi, Karadouka, and
Apostoli, but the men under them do not exceed forty, a number which
may, however, be increased at any time by recruits from among the
natives.</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">These chiefs have continued the system initiated at
Oshin, at Koupa, Houma, Longountza, and Loubnitsa, neighbouring villages
of Ghevgheli, where also the Patriarchists are in the majority. In the
village of Ghera Kortzi, where they form the minority, one of the most
influential among them was murdered in broad day light while working in
his field by a Bulgarian band some three weeks ago for refusing to
recant. Papa Nicola, Orthodox priest of Livadi, another Greco-Vlach
village some five hours distance from Goumendje is being threatened with
death for remaining Patriarchist and if he is murdered the whole
village will join the Exarchate from fear.</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Meanwhile the forty men forming these Bulgarian
bands live at the expense and in the houses of the Orthodox (or Roum, as
they are officially termed, whether Greeks or Vlachs, in contradiction
to the Exarchists), and no longer of the Bulgarian peasants, thus
shifting the onus of supposed complicity from the latter to the former,
as reported in one of my previous despatches.</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">The villages in the southwestern district of
Ghevgheli, Gorpop, Boemitza, Bogdanza, Bores (or Bogros), Stoyakovo,
Matchoukovo etc. are only in part Exarchist but the villages of Yenidje
Vardar, Kriva, Barovitza, Tchernareka, Petges, Ramna, Petrovo with
Cofalia (or Corfali) in Salonica are entirely Orthodox. None of these
are, however, being pressed just now by the bands to join the Exarchate
nor to dismiss their Greek schoolmasters but they have been warned to
hold themselves ready to take up arms when ordered to do so in a few
months. In the meantime they are threatened with death if they should
denounce the bands, for whose reception they are ordered to have a house
and provisions in constant readiness.</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">All these details some of which I have already had
the honour of reporting, e.g. the payment of the taxes to the Committees
agents and not to Government, the submittal of cases to the Committees
representatives and not to the local tribunals, the rape of Dimitris'
daughter at Moouin for her father's refusal to join the bands and (as I
did not know at the time) the exaction from him of twenty five pounds,
have only lately come to light. The poor wretches, who suffered, being
afraid to even visit Salonica for fear of being suspected of having come
to denounce their oppressors and only lately have a few dared to come
secretly and, explaining their position, enquire what they can do for
themselves or what can can be done for them. They trembled lest the
bands should discover what would assuredly cost them their lives.</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">The Vali himself is at a loss how to relieve the
Patriarchists. He told me a fortnight ago that he had summoned the
Kaimakams of Ghevgheli and Yenidje Vardar and secretly arranged with
them to invest all the villages mentioned above on a given day and in
case of need to repeat the operation until successful, and also to send
out flying columns. But nothing has been done, nor do I anticipate any
very brilland result from such a plan even if carried out properly and
thoroughly with the strong force required since many of the Komitajis
are villagers against whom it would be difficult to prove anything,
while the strangers have secured themselves against denunciation by the
terrorism which they have established, and would succeed in slipping
through the lines.</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Want of foresight on the part of the Government has,
I fear, allowed matters to go too far for any remedy to be easily
discoverable. The late Halil Rifaat Pasha was induced by the dread of an
"atrocities outcry", which has after all been raised, to allow the
small minority of new-made Exarchists to share the Churches of the
Patriarchists, who naturally regarded them as schismatics and to use the
Bulgarian Liturgy -or to cause the closure of the Churches for months,
thus depriving their original proprietors of the means of fulfilling
their religious duties, even on such holidays as Christmas and Easter.
The support thus given to the Exarchists was the more regrettable that
it encouraged the revolutionary Committees to attain their end by
assassinating the priests whom they could not bribe and the notables
whom they could not coerce.</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">I frequently called the successive Valis' attention
to this policy as detrimental to the interests of their Government, but
in answer they all said that they were acting orders from the Porte
which they could not disregard.</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">The only other band which is known to exist in this
Vilayet is that of Alexis of Poroia. The daring which prompted his
attempt on the train (as reported in my despatch No. 13 of the 17 inst.)
near the station of Poroia proves how far the bands have established
themselves or, at least, how inadequate are the means employed by the
local authorities hitherto in coping with them.</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">The sufferings of the Greeks, described above,
extend also to those Bulgarians and Vlachs who are Patriarchists and can
only be remedied by the extermination of the few now existing bands,
which if not destroyed will form the nucleus of larger bands in the
spring. Only exceptionally severe and thorough measures can effect this
and only the appointment of the most trustworthy officers for the work
can prevent an "atrocities outcry".</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Biliottis</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<br /></div>
<div class="normal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><b>4. The authorities try to deal with the armed bands in central and N.E. Macedonia.</b></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<br /></div>
<div class="normal">
<b></b></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<b><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh5MIEB3xaAF8bsC4MC2Z1vF5M_-eiDy5zWp86T02mbEfK0gqSs2Qe4qmPnHpRJCxZxVqbzy1MsJulfSjoU_LYJif1DoHEFxngW4eYqpSDQ2dMsZeUu5YH9QDt0eGUZb5P-I6xxsF1uxB8/s1600/Diplomacy004a.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: em; margin-right: em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh5MIEB3xaAF8bsC4MC2Z1vF5M_-eiDy5zWp86T02mbEfK0gqSs2Qe4qmPnHpRJCxZxVqbzy1MsJulfSjoU_LYJif1DoHEFxngW4eYqpSDQ2dMsZeUu5YH9QDt0eGUZb5P-I6xxsF1uxB8/s1600/Diplomacy004a.png" height="615" width="400" /></a></b></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<b><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjq3cjLTxEHrkdG6bu1X-jeVeSo88PYLXvN2gk24Vyz7Jydr7McVckjAajUbf1TIG4WbIAOTNodXIwydfGNjcxfgEEp3rH1zYhgrqZmanYEACYWGfLcKS_JHkqKwc10Ms5T-F1_Z-EpOz8/s1600/Diplomacy004b.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: em; margin-right: em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjq3cjLTxEHrkdG6bu1X-jeVeSo88PYLXvN2gk24Vyz7Jydr7McVckjAajUbf1TIG4WbIAOTNodXIwydfGNjcxfgEEp3rH1zYhgrqZmanYEACYWGfLcKS_JHkqKwc10Ms5T-F1_Z-EpOz8/s1600/Diplomacy004b.png" height="143" width="400" /></a></b></div>
</div>
<br />
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Thessaloniki, January 31st, 1903</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">[F.O.195/2156, ff.92<sup>v</sup>-97<sup>r</sup>].</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">...The same European, whom I mentioned above, said:
"The disturbances began with the murder at Serbinovo of ten
taxcollectors etc. from Kroupnik... where (i.e. Serbinovo) a fight
ensued, the most serious in Djouma Bala, during which one hundred
Bulgarians and fifty Turks were killed. Though the Bulgarians did their
best to rouse the Moslems to outrage they failed... The majority of the
peasants returning from their flight to Bulgaria, willingly surrender
their arms, the others are beaten until they do."(No. 190 of Nov.
19). Not a word about rapes and not only this, but rapes were said to
have been committed at the beginning of December by soldiers in the Caza
of Stroumnitza were stoutly denied by Bulgarians, who had come
purposely to complain of beating and looting on the part of the troops,
and in order to supply this unexpected deficiency the ringleaders had to
take up the case of a girl who was carried off by a certain Hassan and
of a married woman of doubtful character, who was ravished four months
ago by a Bey, who subsequently indemnified her.</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">...Another statement made by all the deponents in
Sofia, viz. that they possessed no arms and that they were obliged to
buy rifles at very high prices to surrender to the Turks, is not in
accordance with the fact that in Djouma Bala and Menslik alone fifteen
hundred were collected. A certain number were given up voluntarily, but
the great majority of peasants had to be more or less ill-treated before
they dared part with their weapons. For, as the Bulgarians from
Stroumnitza declared to me (v. No. 225 of Dec. 28), "the peasants are in
a terrible dilemma, for if they do not give up their arms they are
excessively beaten, and if they give them up without being beaten they
are murdered by the Committees." Everybody, of course, both here and in
Bulgaria -the local as well as foreign authorities and the public- knows
that very large quantities of arms and ammunition supplied by the
Committees were and still are in the possession of the Bulgarian
peasants.</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">With reference to the last paragraph but one in Mr. Elliots' despatch No. 195 of the 23<sup>rd</sup>
ultimo to His Majesty's Secretary of State, Mr. Acting Vice Consul
Theodorides reports "Le bruit que les Turcs poussent les habitants de ce
district (i.e. Razlog) a emigrer vers le Sud n'a pas de fondement. Au
point de l'emigration je dois ajouter que plus de six cent personnes de
Razlog munies de passeports reguliers se sont rendues en Bulgarie avant
les derniers evenements." This emigration of six hundred natives at that
time of year before the Turks began their search for arms proves that
they were either warned of, or anticipated, the trouble which the
Committees brought on the province. And the following extract from a
letter from the best possible source confirms this view: "Razlog is
Centralist and kept quiet when the Vurhovists rose in Djoumai district.
This angered the Vurhovists and they sent bands over just at the
beginning of winter to shed blood and get the Razlog Bulgarians into
trouble. The coming of these bands convinced the Turks that Razlog is in
the Committees business and they began the search for arms. The
district is so remote that the Turks had no thought that what they were
doing would reach the outer world and so made no particular effort at
self control. My impression of the depositions of the witnesses you
examined is that they told the truth as to their personal experiences.
But the women may have exaggerated in one or two cases in telling what
happened to men. All of them evaded or lied as to who instigated them to
come. This arouses the suspicion that their coming here was arranged by
the Committee."</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Biliottis</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<br /></div>
<div class="normal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><b>5. A former officer in the Bulgarian army is a teacher in Monastir.</b></span></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgdoxNbQexQy3T54YK73Sh69YJlynCOdSNR_CTBzqt_yPZnEFbMEwhbTQ2Tyju2WomgjCpcm-p4PGNEYqwoCGg-g5tTC26kkIVZdgct4neXGa1BBrMtsUeFwpEWjDd_DpGZhqzmN7sSayk/s1600/Diplomacy005.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: em; margin-right: em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgdoxNbQexQy3T54YK73Sh69YJlynCOdSNR_CTBzqt_yPZnEFbMEwhbTQ2Tyju2WomgjCpcm-p4PGNEYqwoCGg-g5tTC26kkIVZdgct4neXGa1BBrMtsUeFwpEWjDd_DpGZhqzmN7sSayk/s1600/Diplomacy005.png" height="237" width="400" /></a></div>
<div class="normal">
<br />
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Thessaloniki, February 5th, 1903</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">[F.O. 195/2156, f.131<sup>r</sup>, No.28].</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">...On January 26 a letter was seized on a schoolboy
called Adjacoff travelling from Resna to Monastir, addressed to
Paraskeff Sfetkoff, a former lieutenant in the Bulgarian army and only
just come as schoolmaster to Monastir by L. Groourtzeff, director of the
Bulgarian school and head of the Committee at Resna, the contents of
which proved Sfetkoff to be the chief of the Committee at Monastir. It
made several suggestions with reference to the employment of certain
people as committee agents, among them the family of Hololtzeff.</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Biliottis</span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="normal">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">To be continued...</span></span></div>
</div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1156540616762400209.post-15470570868356307772013-08-31T20:44:00.000-07:002013-08-31T20:44:20.322-07:00The Philhellene, March-April, 1943<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">The Philhellene, March-April, 1943, Vol. II, No. 3-4, Page 2</span></span><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgIyQ40fTEOjsp6rT3CuksfpJIw5rSa54mM5I0LA7BZ9sqOM8MZpc76Iz7D3B_7SHFxTjox89QjtSd2nXFP7iI9suQ4SoC3lUDGs1gsQkyrkeav51J-H0JiFyqCKGTrqAFvqBoOzsVp67E/s1600/PHlenenews15.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgIyQ40fTEOjsp6rT3CuksfpJIw5rSa54mM5I0LA7BZ9sqOM8MZpc76Iz7D3B_7SHFxTjox89QjtSd2nXFP7iI9suQ4SoC3lUDGs1gsQkyrkeav51J-H0JiFyqCKGTrqAFvqBoOzsVp67E/s640/PHlenenews15.jpg" width="212" /></a></span></span></div>
<br />
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">"...In addition to the Fascist and Nazi terrorism, poor Greece has to suffer the inhuman treatment imposed by their Bulgarian accomplices. The "Manchester Guardian" published recently a report on the atrocities committed against the <b>Greek population in Eastern Macedonia</b> and Thrace by the Bulgarian authorities occupying these territories. The Greek inhabitants are expelled from their homes, men and women are shot or put to forced labor, churches and schools are closed. It is hoped that the perpetrators of these crimes will receive their due at the proper time."</span></span>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1156540616762400209.post-31514545128214988492013-08-26T17:59:00.000-07:002013-08-26T17:59:18.705-07:00Hellas Weekly, June 18, 1943<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Hellas Weekly, June 18, 1943, Page 4</span></span><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi9ADQ4XvM8MQ00EpzqQWgFW2ofyo8CC0g_vj8qEp89A_caonvzkt_fqqOJq-RbOBP_dvv4fsmdgL1NSAfHy6Fwek5M768KSSvfQRlIi99-cbLTNRx2RJLGNlQKCihBUObvdQ4rkCJg6O4/s1600/hellaspage21bulgefforts.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="305" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi9ADQ4XvM8MQ00EpzqQWgFW2ofyo8CC0g_vj8qEp89A_caonvzkt_fqqOJq-RbOBP_dvv4fsmdgL1NSAfHy6Fwek5M768KSSvfQRlIi99-cbLTNRx2RJLGNlQKCihBUObvdQ4rkCJg6O4/s320/hellaspage21bulgefforts.jpg" width="200" /></a></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">BULGARIAN EFFORT TO STAMP OUT GREEK CULTURE</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Although the question of education in Greece under enemy occupation has retreated to the background in the face of the frightful famine, it remains nevertheless one of the manifestations of the nation's life that has been the most cruelly mutilated by the enemy in their endeavour to sap the vigour of the national spirit at its very roots.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Greece has been partitioned into three spheres of influence: the Bulgarian, the Italian, and the German. The conditions of education vary according to the special aim of the Occupying Power.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">The Bulgarian occupation of Western Thrace and Eastern Macedonia is the most pernicious. Bulgaria's aim is the denationalisation of these areas either by the expulsion or the extermination of the Greek inhabitants. Schools and teachers have been the objects of more persecution than any other section of the community.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">So far as is known all the schools in Eastern Macedonia and Western Thrace have been closed. This state of affairs followed the occasion then all teachers were called to the police station and informed that the occupation authorities had no intention of impeding their work: the teachers would be allowed to continue their functions, but on one condition - that they spoke and taught Bulgarian. As not one of them fulfilled that condition, they were not allowed to teach.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">A few days later they were given 24 hours in which to leave the country; as a consequence more than 150,000 children of all ages were deprived of their accustomed schooling, of their teachers, and of the school premises as well.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">The school buildings of those provinces were built under a comprehensive educational scheme, and were models of modern architecture. Most, and the best of them, were taken over for war purposes by the Bulgarians.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">The Bulgarians are trying to force the population to learn the Bulgarian dialect. Greek is not only barred from schools, but also from conversation in the streets. The Bulgarians hope that by those measures they will force the of nursery school age to learn only Bulgarian and thereby forget their mother tongue, or at least never grow used to its written signs; that they may grow estranged from their elders, and from the circle of ideas, mental pictures and traditions that form the basis of a common culture.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">They hope to introduce in this way the Greek community a mental disruption and distortion of feeling.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">The Germans have allowed Bulgarian influence to spread further: the Bulgarians are now taking part in the policing of Salonica. In that city the second university of Greece has its seat; there are also some affiliated schools of technical importance - agricultural, veterinary, surgical, and so on.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">The flourishing university has been closed and its professors dismissed.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">- From "The Schoolmaster."</span></span>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1156540616762400209.post-76909155234270027102013-08-24T19:11:00.000-07:002013-08-24T19:11:21.973-07:00The Philhellene, January-February, 1944<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">The Philhellene, Bulletin of the American Friends of Greece (30 Rockefeller Plaza - New York - COlumbus 5-8594), Vol. III. No. 1-2. January - February 1944, page 2.</span></span><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhXy-pIjYnHirdGKyDOOGGgITaX97eslyd0lEQcYvxBpXN9TvEwNUP2Edbw59-hJl2P7leW3w86RxqooYckHe7b1qMG9Xn6500FQ7Jw5M4rnmu8jvD7-bes-XL0rWfNrcHR1W_Is1jUcQw/s1600/philhellene14pg.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: em; margin-right: em;"><img border="0" height="560" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhXy-pIjYnHirdGKyDOOGGgITaX97eslyd0lEQcYvxBpXN9TvEwNUP2Edbw59-hJl2P7leW3w86RxqooYckHe7b1qMG9Xn6500FQ7Jw5M4rnmu8jvD7-bes-XL0rWfNrcHR1W_Is1jUcQw/s640/philhellene14pg.jpg" width="400" /></a></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">...</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">"Greek units fought back during this period wherever and whenever possible. The latest accounts in the "New York Times" report guerrilla activities in Macedonia, eastern and southern Epirus and Thessaly..."</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">...</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">"As an illustration, it is reported by the Greek Government on advices received from Greece that seventy-nine villages in the province of Grevena, in western Macedonia, have been totally destroyed. Grevena is the home town of the Executive Secretary of American Friends of Greece and he recalls that there were only about 150 villages and towns in the whole of the province. It appears then that one half of the province has been destroyed."</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">...</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">"Another dispatch adds that "in Macedonia and Thrace, Bulgars are reported to be faithful pupils of the Germans and in several instances have shown themselves to be crueler aggressors than the Nazis, if possible." Yet, many continue in this country to deceive themselves with the idea that the Bulgarian people are innocent and that it is only a group of government leaders in Sofia who are subservient to the Nazis."</span></span>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1156540616762400209.post-6125343274099683352013-08-14T11:41:00.000-07:002013-08-14T11:41:30.701-07:00Looting of Antiquities and Works of Art<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">GREEK OFFICE OF INFORMATION</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">30 Rockefeller Plaza</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">New York 20, New York</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">LOOTING OF ANTIQUITIES AND WORKS OF ART</span></span><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiztoanY96HthlRNc1i5Ikiex4Th7TzdB00FnbwC6dT52gQes8oWcDSSAgX8PX9TewpTzA6G0761nL0ZomTAKkU_8R_kjMVB6oO0of_rTbyneymTZPLwIJi_sObVrYd-YJi9Ke74XZbluM/s1600/lootingartdocs.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiztoanY96HthlRNc1i5Ikiex4Th7TzdB00FnbwC6dT52gQes8oWcDSSAgX8PX9TewpTzA6G0761nL0ZomTAKkU_8R_kjMVB6oO0of_rTbyneymTZPLwIJi_sObVrYd-YJi9Ke74XZbluM/s200/lootingartdocs.jpg" width="160" /></a></span></span></div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">The Bulgars sacked numerous churches in the regions occupied by them and sent the church furniture and ornaments to Bulgaria. The churches of the areas of Serres, Zichne, Drama, Kavalla, Komotine, Xanthe, Alexandroupolis, suffered most and among them the famous monastery of Rikosifolinisse of the region of Drama, and Stavropigadaki the Monastery of John the Precursor, of the region of Serres.</span></span>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1156540616762400209.post-38189293796134207982013-08-13T18:57:00.001-07:002013-08-13T18:57:25.981-07:00Indomitable Guerrillas<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj3NzvWwb_PCzyp4ZqmDIIV6JU5oUdARNJ_Gd8QNE3-N8-EF-DzYT2tXiB0fizm_BZD1wLvgn-aFKO6eX0l10iCsyyb6c98Q9a3lfE5fnEwn-t63HKqPNS0ZUtrR5XKqYNGgR_wJL5zLBA/s1600/Hellas1943Guerilla.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="180" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj3NzvWwb_PCzyp4ZqmDIIV6JU5oUdARNJ_Gd8QNE3-N8-EF-DzYT2tXiB0fizm_BZD1wLvgn-aFKO6eX0l10iCsyyb6c98Q9a3lfE5fnEwn-t63HKqPNS0ZUtrR5XKqYNGgR_wJL5zLBA/s200/Hellas1943Guerilla.jpg" width="147" /></a></div>
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Hellas Weekly</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Indomitable Guerrillas</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Friday, June 18, 1943</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Page 4</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Click on the image to see in full size!</span></span>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1156540616762400209.post-31835199951325400792013-08-13T04:56:00.000-07:002013-08-13T18:57:46.968-07:00Hellas Weekly, June 18, 1943<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Hellas Weekly, June 18, 1943, Page 2</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"></span></span>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjYJpu2FJGCieXuBaNPqRoFbZFRCmHuI3C0ADiNM1UCKx79qmWgOPfsIMKz9euVDLRrW52KuO8nK-VmrSZmLZByJxRgXfJToDEk9Vgr5A9VrVifOLz9I2nzWU2nWjeIcqNhNzFe0A35ngU/s1600/HellasNewspg2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjYJpu2FJGCieXuBaNPqRoFbZFRCmHuI3C0ADiNM1UCKx79qmWgOPfsIMKz9euVDLRrW52KuO8nK-VmrSZmLZByJxRgXfJToDEk9Vgr5A9VrVifOLz9I2nzWU2nWjeIcqNhNzFe0A35ngU/s320/HellasNewspg2.jpg" width="120" /></a></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">The Bulgars</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">The "Burgarski Phare" reports that Bulgarians are settling in Thrace in almost all the villages, and in some places are already forming a majority. It also states that mistakes are being made, in that "lazy and troublesome people are being sent as settlers."</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">[Editor's Note. - If their own Press labels these settlers as troublesome, it can be imagined what the Greeks in those areas are suffering at their hands.]</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Significantly, it is also reported that the census of Macedonia and Thrace was completed on May 10. It will be interesting to see the figures when they are published.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">To make their control of these areas even more effective, the Bulgarian Government has forbidden the sale of real property in Macedonia and Thrace. Property confiscated by the Bulgarian State may only be bought by Bulgarian nationals - on payment of 10 per cent of the price, the balance being spread over a long period.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">The Bulgarian Government has also forbidden Moslems to settle on the coast of Thrace and the Aegean Province, according to the "Zaria."</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">A modern Bulgarian school will be inaugurated in Salonica, wrote the "Zaria" recently.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"></span></span>
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">***</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"></span></span>
<span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">The "Deutsches Nachrichten Bureau" reports from Sofia that the Bulgarian Ministry of Health has declared the provinces of Thrace and Macedonia to be malaria areas, where the laws concerning the combating of the disease have to be strictly carried out.</span></span>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1156540616762400209.post-51017883875343639152013-08-06T18:46:00.000-07:002013-08-06T18:47:26.076-07:00The Philhellene, September-October, 1944<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">The Philhellene, September-October, 1944, Vol. III, No. 9-10, Page 6</span></span><br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi3sOYUns9TxtkE84l2X0gtwHEcjkhjxIF4m5EeEajZURjq9Ev42jjBMFfr4JADsW3Nl5o14oGKY4ARO7rlhMzTdfeX1eedSpAdVYIsrtkkw3LqHoWok9AXzTMOHbPa7r65a-w1wmjtWio/s1600/philhellene216pga.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi3sOYUns9TxtkE84l2X0gtwHEcjkhjxIF4m5EeEajZURjq9Ev42jjBMFfr4JADsW3Nl5o14oGKY4ARO7rlhMzTdfeX1eedSpAdVYIsrtkkw3LqHoWok9AXzTMOHbPa7r65a-w1wmjtWio/s320/philhellene216pga.jpg" width="204" /></a></div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">BULGARIA'S LATE REPENTANCE</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">"...At the last hour, Bulgaria's new leaders have been trying to play off Russia against the United States and Great Britain. It is hoped that this attempt, too, will fail and that the interests of Greece and Yugoslavia will not be sacrificed to power politics. It is also hoped that one of the conditions of the armistice shall be that Bulgarians installed in Greek Macedonia and Thrace shall vacate the Greek homes immediately and that the homeless and deported Greeks shall be restored at Bulgaria's expense. In other words, the restoration of the status quo ante in the ravaged Greek provinces must be a definite condition of the armistice.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">For us really to understand this we bounded. As soon as the new government sued for an armistice, it addressed telegrams to a certain Bulgarian "general" Apostoloff, in the ranks of Marshall Tito, offering congratulations for his struggle "for the liberation of Macedonia" and another telegram to Marshall Tito himself assuring him of the desire of Bulgaria "for brotherly cooperation of the Slavic countries against the common enemy." In other words, the stage is all set for Bulgaria's claim for a free Macedonia, the fraud of which has been exposed in our last issue.</span></span>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1156540616762400209.post-3733062993459106452013-07-19T18:04:00.000-07:002013-07-19T18:04:44.962-07:00Bulgarian confiscation in Kavala - WW II<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">"WWII - Roberts Commission" </span></span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">UNITED NATIONS INFORMATION OFFICE FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE </span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">610 Fifth Avenue, New York City </span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Circle 5-8060 January 5th, 1942 </span></span><br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Greece</span></span></div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">As soon as Western Thrace and Eastern Macedonia were handed over to the Bulgars by the Germans, all merchants and craftsmen were forced to relinquish their shops or workshops to newly arrived Bulgars. At Cavalla, a prosperous tobacco market town, 700 concerns of all kinds were forcibly expropriated and Bulgars brought over from Sofia established themselves in the seized properties. Greeks who left during the war have not been allowed to return and their property, including articles of clothing, has been confiscated. </span></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgR2OlK476i3yp20u0qFNe1iN8_8kpzhAFHidwBoZ68NDibgM5fOrVS-jnBSce8prZthp1q5rwVWmhgk8ZRu59LQfpamb1oyhWHXS54hySZ3rU71zHLGzje-u01JvdkG4K-3rwSzpTbuOg/s1600/page8.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: em; margin-right: em;"></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjVp78r_xgQ8b-dWMyg-QPChRVjk8WyUp7A2igqqGAZ5_hX0E_GQDKiPv7jBZtWPi3Ifxdq2RsCM-HUghWsWGwP-PX-K56TqSkH9PrkOkuOmPnt_-BO0gfW4MQFVAXm_HwdpYNmV9vegV4/s1600/page9.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: em; margin-right: em;"></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgR2OlK476i3yp20u0qFNe1iN8_8kpzhAFHidwBoZ68NDibgM5fOrVS-jnBSce8prZthp1q5rwVWmhgk8ZRu59LQfpamb1oyhWHXS54hySZ3rU71zHLGzje-u01JvdkG4K-3rwSzpTbuOg/s1600/page8.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: em; margin-right: em;"><img border="0" height="270" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgR2OlK476i3yp20u0qFNe1iN8_8kpzhAFHidwBoZ68NDibgM5fOrVS-jnBSce8prZthp1q5rwVWmhgk8ZRu59LQfpamb1oyhWHXS54hySZ3rU71zHLGzje-u01JvdkG4K-3rwSzpTbuOg/s320/page8.jpg" width="195" /></a><img border="0" height="270" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjVp78r_xgQ8b-dWMyg-QPChRVjk8WyUp7A2igqqGAZ5_hX0E_GQDKiPv7jBZtWPi3Ifxdq2RsCM-HUghWsWGwP-PX-K56TqSkH9PrkOkuOmPnt_-BO0gfW4MQFVAXm_HwdpYNmV9vegV4/s320/page9.jpg" width="195" /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhPVD5Q5KF5Ximl89pv1JHjiR0iBR6-s3A_DtZrE1OkMRexycbo9sb_A1t5NtLVzceZwaEEW-Pt44C0XL220lappEysg4b_W-d8MLMT2WP_Qlx5uow6sVKTy0xhXyYXVFeh3ttjnt1OpaY/s1600/page10.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="270" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhPVD5Q5KF5Ximl89pv1JHjiR0iBR6-s3A_DtZrE1OkMRexycbo9sb_A1t5NtLVzceZwaEEW-Pt44C0XL220lappEysg4b_W-d8MLMT2WP_Qlx5uow6sVKTy0xhXyYXVFeh3ttjnt1OpaY/s320/page10.jpg" width="195" /></a></div>
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Macedonia Documents</span></span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Source: US National Archive</span></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;"></span></span><br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Discovered by </span></span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: "Trebuchet MS",sans-serif;">Marsyas Periandrou.</span></span>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0